Cyclone Fengal made landfall in Tamil Nadu, bringing heavy rains, flooding, and winds of 70-80 km/h. The storm caused significant disruption in Chennai and surrounding areas, with the city’s airport temporarily shut down due to the severe weather conditions. Schools across the region were also closed as a precautionary measure. In response to the emergency, 471 people were relocated to relief camps to ensure their safety. Authorities are working to assess the damage and provide support as the cyclone continues to affect the region. The government has issued warnings for further weather disturbances in the coming days.

Vehicles ply on a waterlogged road in Chennai following heavy rainfall triggered by Cyclone Fengal. The city has been severely affected by the cyclone, with streets inundated due to continuous downpours and strong winds. Despite the challenging conditions, commuters continue to navigate the flooded roads, though travel has become increasingly difficult. Authorities are working to clear waterlogged areas, but the widespread flooding has caused significant disruptions to daily life. Local residents are being urged to stay cautious as more rain is expected in the coming hours.

A man walks carefully on a waterlogged road in Chennai, following heavy rainfall triggered by Cyclone Fengal. The city is grappling with flooding as a result of the relentless downpour and strong winds from the cyclone. Many areas are submerged, making it difficult for pedestrians and vehicles to pass through. Local authorities are on high alert, working to manage the situation and assist affected residents. The cyclone’s impact has led to widespread disruption, with continued rainfall expected to worsen conditions in the coming hours.

A man pulls his three-wheeler cart through heavy winds and rainfall at Marina Beach in Chennai, as Cyclone Fengal lashes the city. Despite the severe weather conditions, the man braves the storm to continue his work, with the strong winds and heavy rain creating a challenging environment. The coastline, including Marina Beach, has been significantly affected by the cyclone, with powerful gusts and heavy rainfall causing widespread disruption. Local authorities are closely monitoring the situation as the storm continues to impact Chennai and surrounding areas.

Stranded passengers at Chennai airport amid heavy rainfall triggered by Cyclone Fengal. The storm has caused significant disruption to flights, with many travelers left stranded as the airport operations were affected by the severe weather conditions. Heavy rain and strong winds have created chaos at the terminal, with passengers waiting for updates on their flights. Authorities are working to clear the airport’s backlog and ensure passenger safety, while also dealing with the ongoing challenges brought on by the cyclone’s impact on the region.

Commuters wade through a waterlogged road in Chennai on Saturday, following heavy rainfall triggered by Cyclone Fengal. The city has been severely impacted by the cyclone, with streets submerged in water, making travel difficult for both pedestrians and vehicles. Despite the challenging conditions, people continue to navigate the flooded roads as the storm brings intense rainfall and strong winds. Local authorities are working to manage the situation, but with more rainfall expected, the situation remains critical.

A commuter wades through a flooded street in Puducherry in the aftermath of Cyclone Fengal. The storm has caused widespread flooding in the region, leaving many areas submerged and disrupting daily life. The intense rainfall and strong winds from the cyclone have created hazardous conditions, with streets impassable for vehicles. Local authorities are working to clear the waterlogged areas and provide assistance to those affected by the storm’s impact. The situation remains challenging as residents and commuters continue to cope with the aftermath of the cyclone.

A house is seen inundated with rainwater in Chennai following heavy rainfall triggered by Cyclone Fengal. The intense downpour has caused widespread flooding, with several homes and streets submerged under water. Residents are grappling with the aftermath of the storm, as floodwaters continue to affect local infrastructure and daily life. Authorities are working to provide relief and clear the waterlogged areas, but the severity of the rainfall and cyclone’s impact has created significant challenges for those affected in the region.

COURTESY: India Today

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111. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
112. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
113. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
114. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
115. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
116. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
117. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
118. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
119. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
120. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
121. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
122. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
123. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
124. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
125. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
126. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
127. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
128. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
129. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
130. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
131. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
132. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
133. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
134. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
135. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
136. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
137. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
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139. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
140. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
141. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
142. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
143. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
144. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
145. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
146. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
147. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
148. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
149. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
150. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
151. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
152. References
153. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
154. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
155. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
156. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
157. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
158. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
159. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
160. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
161. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
162. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
163. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
164. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
165. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
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168. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
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170. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
171. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
172. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
173. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
174. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
175. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
176. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
177. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
178. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
179. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
180. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
181. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
182. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
183. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
184. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
185. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
186. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
187. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
188. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
189. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
190. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
191. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
192. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
193. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
194. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
195. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
196. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
197. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
198. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
199. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
200. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
201. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
202. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
203. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
204. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
205. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
206. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
207. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
208. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
209. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
210. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
211. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
212. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
213. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
214. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
215. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
216. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
217. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
218. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
219. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
220. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
221. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
222. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
223. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
224. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
225. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
226. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
227. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
228. References
229. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
230. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
231. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
232. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
233. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
234. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
235. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
236. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
237. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
238. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
239. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
240. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
241. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
242. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
243. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
244. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
245. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
246. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
247. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
248. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
249. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
250. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
251. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
252. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
253. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
254. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
255. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
256. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
257. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
258. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
259. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
260. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
261. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
262. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
263. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
264. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
265. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
266. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
267. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
268. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
269. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
270. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
271. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
272. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
273. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
274. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
275. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
276. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
277. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
278. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
279. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
280. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
281. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
282. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
283. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
284. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
285. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
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293. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
294. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
295. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
296. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
297. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
298. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
299. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
300. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
301. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
302. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
303. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
304. References
305. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
306. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
307. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
308. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
309. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
310. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
311. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
312. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
313. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
314. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
315. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
316. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
317. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
318. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
319. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
320. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
321. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
322. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
323. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
324. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
325. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
326. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
327. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
328. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
329. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
330. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
331. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
332. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
333. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
334. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
335. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
336. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
337. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
338. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
339. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
340. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
341. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
342. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
343. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
344. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
345. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
346. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
347. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
348. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
349. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
350. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
351. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
352. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
353. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
354. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
355. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
356. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
357. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
358. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
359. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
360. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
361. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
362. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
363. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
364. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
365. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
366. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
367. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
368. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
369. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
370. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
371. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
372. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
373. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
374. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
375. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
376. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
377. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
378. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
379. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
380. References
381. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
382. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
383. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
384. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
385. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
386. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
387. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
388. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
389. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
390. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
391. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
392. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
393. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
394. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
395. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
396. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
397. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
398. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
399. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
400. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
401. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
402. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
403. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
404. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
405. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
406. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
407. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
408. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
409. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
410. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
411. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
412. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
413. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
414. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
415. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
416. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
417. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
418. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
419. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
420. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
421. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
422. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
423. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
424. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
425. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
426. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
427. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
428. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
429. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
430. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
431. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
432. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
433. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
434. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
435. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
436. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
437. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
438. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
439. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
440. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
441. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
442. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
443. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
444. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
445. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
446. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
447. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
448. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
449. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
450. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
451. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
452. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
453. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
454. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
455. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
456. References
457. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
458. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
459. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
460. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
461. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
462. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
463. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
464. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
465. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
466. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
467. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
468. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
469. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
470. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
471. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
472. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
473. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
474. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
475. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
476. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
477. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
478. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
479. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
480. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
481. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
482. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
483. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
484. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
485. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
486. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
487. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
488. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
489. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
490. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
491. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
492. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
493. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
494. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
495. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
496. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
497. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
498. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
499. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
500. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
501. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
502. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
503. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
504. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
505. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
506. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
507. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
508. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
509. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
510. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
511. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
512. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
513. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
514. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
515. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
516. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
517. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
518. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
519. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
520. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
521. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
522. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
523. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
524. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
525. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
526. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
527. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
528. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
529. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
530. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
531. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
532. References
533. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
534. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
535. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
536. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
537. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
538. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
539. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
540. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
541. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
542. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
543. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
544. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
545. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
546. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
547. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
548. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
549. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
550. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
551. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
552. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
553. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
554. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
555. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
556. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
557. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
558. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
559. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
560. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
561. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
562. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
563. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
564. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
565. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
566. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
567. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
568. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
569. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
570. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
571. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
572. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
573. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
574. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
575. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
576. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
577. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
578. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
579. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
580. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
581. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
582. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
583. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
584. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
585. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
586. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
587. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
588. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
589. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
590. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
591. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
592. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
593. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
594. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
595. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
596. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
597. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
598. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
599. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
600. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
601. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
602. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
603. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
604. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
605. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
606. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
607. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
608. References
609. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
610. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
611. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
612. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
613. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
614. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
615. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
616. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
617. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
618. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
619. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
620. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
621. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
622. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
623. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
624. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
625. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
626. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
627. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
628. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
629. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
630. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
631. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
632. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
633. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
634. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
635. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
636. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
637. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
638. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
639. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
640. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
641. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
642. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
643. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
644. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
645. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
646. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
647. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
648. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
649. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
650. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
651. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
652. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
653. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
654. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
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656. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
657. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
658. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
659. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
660. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
661. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
662. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
663. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
664. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
665. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
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673. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
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675. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
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677. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
678. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
679. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
680. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
681. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
682. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
683. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
684. References
685. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
686. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
687. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
688. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
689. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
690. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
691. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
692. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
693. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
694. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
695. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
696. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
697. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
698. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
699. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
700. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
701. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
702. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
703. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
704. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
705. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
706. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
707. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
708. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
709. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
710. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
711. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
712. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
713. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
714. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
715. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
716. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
717. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
718. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
719. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
720. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
721. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
722. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
723. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
724. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
725. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
726. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
727. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
728. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
729. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
730. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
731. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
732. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
733. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
734. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
735. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
736. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
737. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
738. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
739. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
740. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
741. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
742. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
743. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
744. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
745. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
746. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
747. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
748. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
749. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
750. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
751. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
752. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
753. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
754. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
755. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
756. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
757. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
758. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
759. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
760. References
761. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
762. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
763. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
764. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
765. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
766. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
767. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
768. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
769. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
770. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
771. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
772. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
773. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
774. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
775. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
776. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
777. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
778. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
779. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
780. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
781. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
782. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
783. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
784. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
785. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
786. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
787. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
788. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
789. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
790. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
791. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
792. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
793. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
794. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
795. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
796. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
797. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
798. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
799. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
800. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
801. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
802. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
803. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
804. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
805. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
806. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
807. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
808. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
809. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
810. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
811. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
812. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
813. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
814. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
815. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
816. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
817. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
818. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
819. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
820. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
821. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
822. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
823. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
824. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
825. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
826. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
827. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
828. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
829. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
830. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
831. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
832. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
833. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
834. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
835. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
836. References
837. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
838. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
839. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
840. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
841. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
842. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
843. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
844. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
845. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
846. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
847. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
848. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
849. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
850. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
851. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
852. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
853. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
854. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
855. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
856. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
857. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
858. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
859. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
860. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
861. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
862. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
863. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
864. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
865. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
866. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
867. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
868. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
869. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
870. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
871. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
872. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
873. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
874. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
875. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
876. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
877. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
878. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
879. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
880. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
881. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
882. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
883. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
884. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
885. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
886. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
887. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
888. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
889. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
890. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
891. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
892. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
893. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
894. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
895. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
896. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
897. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
898. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
899. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
900. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
901. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
902. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
903. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
904. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
905. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
906. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
907. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
908. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
909. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
910. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
911. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
912. References
913. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
914. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
915. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
916. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
917. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
918. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
919. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
920. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
921. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
922. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
923. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
924. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
925. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
926. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
927. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
928. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
929. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
930. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
931. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
932. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
933. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
934. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
935. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
936. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
937. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
938. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
939. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
940. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
941. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
942. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
943. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
944. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
945. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
946. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
947. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
948. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
949. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
950. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
951. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
952. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
953. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
954. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
955. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
956. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
957. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
958. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
959. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
960. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
961. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
962. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
963. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
964. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
965. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
966. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
967. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
968. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
969. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
970. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
971. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
972. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
973. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
974. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
975. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
976. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
977. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
978. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
979. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
980. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
981. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
982. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
983. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
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985. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
986. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
987. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
988. References
989. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
990. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
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992. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
993. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
994. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
995. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
996. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
997. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
998. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
999. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
1000. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
1001. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
1002. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
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1004. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
1005. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1006. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1007. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1008. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1009. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
1010. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1011. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
1012. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
1013. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
1014. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
1015. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
1016. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
1017. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
1018. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
1019. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
1020. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
1021. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
1022. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
1023. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
1024. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
1025. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
1026. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
1027. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
1028. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
1029. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
1030. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
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1032. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
1033. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
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1036. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1037. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
1038. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1039. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1040. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
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1043. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
1044. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
1045. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
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1051. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
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1053. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1054. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1055. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
1056. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
1057. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
1058. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
1059. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
1060. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
1061. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
1062. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
1063. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
1064. References
1065. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
1066. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
1067. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
1068. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
1069. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
1070. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
1071. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
1072. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
1073. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
1074. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
1075. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
1076. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
1077. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
1078. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
1079. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
1080. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
1081. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1082. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1083. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1084. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1085. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
1086. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1087. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
1088. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
1089. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
1090. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
1091. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
1092. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
1093. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
1094. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
1095. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
1096. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
1097. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
1098. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
1099. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
1100. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
1101. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
1102. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
1103. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
1104. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
1105. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
1106. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
1107. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
1108. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
1109. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
1110. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
1111. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
1112. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1113. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
1114. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1115. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1116. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
1117. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
1118. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
1119. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
1120. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
1121. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
1122. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
1123. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
1124. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
1125. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
1126. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
1127. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1128. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1129. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1130. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1131. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
1132. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
1133. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
1134. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
1135. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
1136. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
1137. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
1138. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
1139. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
1140. References
1141. ^ MSN Encarta Dictionary, Flood Archived 2011-02-04 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2006-12-28, on 2009-10-31
1142. ^ Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.  Otto, I.  Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou, 2021: Chapter 11: Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.  Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513–1766, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.013.
1143. ^ Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
1144. ^ Hirabayashi, Yukiko; Mahendran, Roobavannan; Koirala, Sujan; Konoshima, Lisako; Yamazaki, Dai; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kim, Hyungjun; Kanae, Shinjiro (September 2013). “Global flood risk under climate change”. Nature Climate Change. 3 (9): 816–821. Bibcode:2013NatCC…3..816H. doi:10.1038/nclimate1911. ISSN 1758-6798.
1145. ^ “How climate change is making record-breaking floods the new normal”. United Nations Environmental Program. 3 March 2020.
1146. ^ Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000) Flood Archived 2007-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved on 2009-01-09
1147. ^ “WHO | Flooding and communicable diseases fact sheet”. WHO. Archived from the original on December 31, 2004. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
1148. ^ Jump up to:^a b Neumann, Barbara; Vafeidis, Athanasios T.; Zimmermann, Juliane; Nicholls, Robert J. (2015-03-11). “Future Coastal Population Growth and Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding – A Global Assessment”. PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0118571. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1018571N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118571. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4367969. PMID 25760037.
1149. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Flood Risk Management in Canada | Research report”. Geneva Association. 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
1150. ^ Jump up to:^a b Dieperink, C.; Hegger, D. L. T.; Bakker, M. H. N.; Kundzewicz, Z. W.; Green, C.; Driessen, P. P. J. (2016-10-01). “Recurrent Governance Challenges in the Implementation and Alignment of Flood Risk Management Strategies: a Review”. Water Resources Management. 30 (13): 4467–4481. Bibcode:2016WatRM..30.4467D. doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7. ISSN 1573-1650. S2CID 54676896.
1151. ^ Jones, Myrtle (2000). “Ground-water flooding in glacial terrain of southern Puget Sound, Washington”. Fact Sheet. doi:10.3133/fs11100. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
1152. ^ “Red River of the North State Water Trail”. Minnesota DNR. Accessed 8 September 2024
1153. ^ Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W. (December 1984). “Flash Flood in Tanque Verde Creek, Tucson, Arizona”. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 110 (12): 1841–1852. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1984)110:12(1841).
1154. ^ “Storm Surge Overview”. noaa.gov. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
1155. ^ “Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood”. www.climatecentral.org. Archived from the original on 2020-03-30. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
1156. ^ “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”. Chicago, Illinois: Center for Neighborhood Technology. May 2013.
1157. ^ “Army Corps starts to blow up levee, flood 130,000 acres in Missouri”. CNN. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1158. ^ “Text Book of Fortification and Military Engineering: For Use at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Volume 1”. Google Books. H.M. Stationery Office. 1878. p. 50. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1159. ^ Oosthoek, K.J. “The watery ally: military inundations in Dutch history (podcast)”. Environmental History Resources. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1160. ^ Tiegs, R. “Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence”. Brief History of Military Inundations during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Archived from the original on May 24, 2018. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1161. ^ Vandenbohed, Alexander (2016). “The hydrogeology of the military inundation at the 1914–1918 Yser front (Belgium)”. Hydrogeology Journal. 24 (2): 521–534. Bibcode:2016HydJ…24..521V. doi:10.1007/s10040-015-1344-0. S2CID 131534974.
1162. ^ Tiegs, R. (13 April 2017). “The Past Comes Flooding Back: The War That Almost Sank Holland”. NICHE. Network in Canadian History & Environment. Nouvelle initiative Canadienne en histoire de l’environnement. Retrieved May 23, 2018.
1163. ^ “Battle of the Yser”. Encyclopædia Britannica.
1164. ^ Basic Biology (2016). “Wetlands”.
1165. ^ “Flood Control”, MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading).
1166. ^ Babbitt, Harold E. & Doland, James J., Water Supply Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949
1167. ^ Simon, Andrew L., Basic Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-07965-0
1168. ^ Jump up to:^a b Simon, Andrew L., Practical Hydraulics, John Wiley & Sons, 1981, ISBN 0-471-05381-3
1169. ^ Urquhart, Leonard Church, Civil Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1959
1170. ^ “What is high tide flooding?”. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service. US Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
1171. ^ “2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report”. National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). February 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022.
1172. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O. Zolina, 2021: Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010
1173. ^ Abbett, Robert W., American Civil Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons, 1956
1174. ^ United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Design of Small Dams, United States Government Printing Office, 1973
1175. ^ Brown, Richard; Chanson, Hubert; McIntosh, Dave; Madhani, Jay (2011). Turbulent Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration Measurements in an Urban Environment of the Brisbane River Flood Plain at Gardens Point on 12–13 January 2011. Hydraulic Model Report No. CH83/11. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-74272-027-2.
1176. ^ Chanson, H.; Brown, R.; McIntosh, D. (26 June 2014). “Human body stability in floodwaters: The 2011 flood in Brisbane CBD”. In L. Toombes (ed.). Hydraulic structures and society – Engineering challenges and extremes (PDF). Brisbane, Australia: Proceedings of the 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures (ISHS2014). pp. 1–9. doi:10.14264/uql.2014.48. ISBN 978-1-74272-115-6.
1177. ^ Jump up to:^a b c SCHANZE, JOCHEN (2006). “Flood Risk Management – A Basic Framework”. In Schanze, Jochen; Zeman, Evzen; Marsalek, Jiri (eds.). Flood Risk Management: Hazards, Vulnerability and Mitigation Measures. NATO Science Series. Vol. 67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4598-1_1. ISBN 978-1-4020-4598-1.
1178. ^ Jump up to:^a b Morrison, A.; Westbrook, C.J.; Noble, B.F. (2018). “A review of the flood risk management governance and resilience literature”. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 11 (3): 291–304. Bibcode:2018JFRM…11..291M. doi:10.1111/jfr3.12315. S2CID 134055424.
1179. ^ Society, National Geographic (2011-11-07). “flood”. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2022-03-10.^{[permanent dead link]}
1180. ^ Stephen Bratkovich, Lisa Burban, et al., “Flooding and its Effects on Trees” Archived 2016-06-14 at the Wayback Machine, USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN, September 1993
1181. ^ Center for Neighborhood Technology, Chicago IL “The Prevalence and Cost of Urban Flooding”, May 2013
1182. ^ “Protecting Your Businesses”, last updated March 2013
1183. ^ “National Flood Insurance Program”. FloodSmart.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-12-22. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
1184. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} Alderman, Katarzyna; Turner, Lyle R.; Tong, Shilu (June 2012). “Floods and human health: A systematic review” (PDF). Environment International. 47: 37–47. Bibcode:2012EnInt..47…37A. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.003. PMID 22750033.
1185. ^ Ahadzie, Divine Kwaku; Mensah, Henry; Simpeh, Eric (2022). “Impact of floods, recovery, and repairs of residential structures in Ghana: insights from homeowners”. GeoJournal. 87 (4): 3133–3148. Bibcode:2022GeoJo..87.3133A. doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10425-2. ISSN 0343-2521. S2CID 234825689.
1186. ^ Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Scientific Findings Resource Bank (IAQ-SFRB), “Health Risks or Dampness or Mold in Houses” Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
1187. ^ Demain, Jeffrey G. (24 March 2018). “Climate Change and the Impact on Respiratory and Allergic Disease: 2018”. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 18 (4): 22. doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0777-7. ISSN 1534-6315. PMID 29574605. S2CID 4440737.
1188. ^ Worst Natural Disasters In History Archived 2008-04-21 at the Wayback Machine (2012-06-07), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1189. ^ WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management, “Environmental Aspects of Integrated Flood Management” Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
1190. ^ Extension of the Flood Pulse Concept^{[permanent dead link]}, Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1191. ^ Birdlife soars above Botswana’s floodplains Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine (2010-10-15), Retrieved on 2012-06-12
1192. ^ Raadgever, G. T. (Tom); Booister, Nikéh; Steenstra, Martijn K. (2018), Raadgever, Tom; Hegger, Dries (eds.), “Flood Risk Management Strategies”, Flood Risk Management Strategies and Governance, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 93–100, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67699-9_8, ISBN 978-3-319-67699-9, retrieved 2021-11-03
1193. ^ “Strengthening climate resilience through better flood management”. ReliefWeb. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
1194. ^ Paoletti, Michele; Pellegrini, Marco; Belli, Alberto; Pierleoni, Paola; Sini, Francesca; Pezzotta, Nicola; Palma, Lorenzo (January 2023). “Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool”. Sensors. 23 (4). MDPI (published 10 February 2023): 2035. Bibcode:2023Senso..23.2035P. doi:10.3390/s23042035. ISSN 1424-8220. PMC 9964178. PMID 36850632.
1195. ^ Henry Petroski (2006). Levees and Other Raised Ground. Vol. 94. American Scientist. pp. 7–11.
1196. ^ Eychaner, J.H. (2015) Lessons from a 500-year record of flood elevations, Association of State Floodplain Managers, Technical Report 7 Archived 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 2015-06-27
1197. ^ Dyhouse, G., “Flood modelling Using HEC-RAS (First Edition)”, Haestad Press, Waterbury (USA) 2003-26-41
1198. ^ “Association of State Floodplain Managers”. Retrieved 2015-07-13.
1199. ^ “Best Practices Portfolio”. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Retrieved 2015-07-06.
1200. ^ “Storm/Flood and Hurricane/Typhoon Response”. Emergency Response Resources. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Archived from the original on Feb 29, 2024.
1201. ^ “Hydrologic Engineering Center Home Page”. hec.usace.army.mil. Davis, CA: United States Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 2013-03-08.
1202. ^ “TUFLOW | Flood, Urban Stormwater, Coastal and Water Quailty computer modelling software”. tuflow.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-27.
1203. ^ “WaterWatch”. USGS. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1204. ^ “Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network”. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1205. ^ “NOHRSC”. 2 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1206. ^ Jump up to:^a b Connelly, Brian A; Braatz, Dean T; Halquist, John B; Deweese, Michael M; Larson, Lee; Ingram, John J (1999). “Advanced Hydrologic Prediction System”. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D16): 19, 655. Bibcode:1999JGR…10419655C. doi:10.1029/1999JD900051. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1207. ^ “Global Flood Monitoring”. flood.umd.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
1208. ^ “Predicting Floods”. science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
1209. ^ “Flood Warnings”. Environment Agency. 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
1210. ^ “Australia rainfall and river conditions”. Bom.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
1211. ^ “FFG”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
1212. ^ Schumann, Andreas H., ed. (2011). Flood Risk Assessment and Management. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4. ISBN 978-90-481-9916-7.
1213. ^ Leeming, David (2004). Flood | The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195156690. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
1214. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Etymology of flood”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Harper Douglas. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
1215. ^ “FLOOD English Definition and Meaning”. Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved 2022-02-21.