Georgia’s Struggle: Protests Erupt as Citizens Demand a European Future Amid Russian Influence

Night after night, thousands of Georgians have poured onto Rustaveli Avenue, the broad central boulevard that runs past the parliament in Tbilisi. The protests have grown so large that it is difficult to move, with crowds spilling onto both the road and the pavement, draped in the flags of the European Union and the red and white of the George Cross. This show of defiance marks a decisive moment for Georgia — a country caught between the desire for integration with the West and the influence of its powerful neighbor, Russia.

A Growing Tension with the Government

The protests, which have become a nightly occurrence, are driven by deep frustration with the actions of the Georgian government, led by the Georgian Dream party. The demonstrators accuse the ruling party of undermining the country’s European aspirations in favor of a closer alignment with Russia, something the government vehemently denies. Georgian Dream officials argue that their party is committed to Georgia’s sovereignty and independence, and that it has no ties to the Kremlin.

However, recent actions by the government have raised serious concerns about the country’s trajectory. Critics point to a series of decisions that have alarmed both the European Union and Georgia’s civil society, with many accusing the government of taking steps that suggest a pivot back towards Moscow. This has sparked an outcry from citizens who fear that the dream of joining the EU and NATO — a goal that has driven Georgia since the 2003 Rose Revolution — is slipping further out of reach.

Frustration Over Backsliding Democracy

One of the primary sources of tension has been the government’s increasingly authoritarian tendencies. Over the past several months, there have been reports of mounting political repression, media restrictions, and the erosion of judicial independence. The opposition has been sidelined, and many believe that the ruling party has been using state resources to strengthen its grip on power.

Perhaps the most controversial move was the introduction of a “foreign agents” law, similar to the one enacted by Russia, which would require non-governmental organizations and media outlets receiving foreign funding to register as foreign agents. The law sparked widespread protests in early 2023, with demonstrators accusing the government of trying to silence dissent and further align the country with Russia’s autocratic policies. Though the law was eventually suspended after intense public outcry, it was seen as a direct threat to Georgia’s democratic institutions and its aspirations for European integration.

The EU and the United States condemned the move, with the European Parliament warning that it would endanger Georgia’s chances of joining the EU. These international calls were echoed by the protesters in the streets of Tbilisi, who argued that the government’s actions were undermining the values that Georgia has long aspired to — democracy, freedom, and rule of law.

The Russia Factor: A Return to the Kremlin’s Sphere?

Despite the Georgian Dream party’s denials, many Georgians believe that the government is making a quiet but deliberate turn towards Russia. This belief is fueled by a number of factors, including the government’s reluctance to support Ukraine in its war with Russia and its failure to openly condemn Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Additionally, the Georgian government has taken steps to deepen ties with Moscow, such as relaxing some sanctions and maintaining economic relations with Russia.

Georgia’s proximity to Russia, coupled with historical tensions over issues like the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, has always made the country vulnerable to Russian influence. But for many Georgians, the current government’s actions are seen as a betrayal of the promises made after the Rose Revolution — promises that Georgia would seek integration with the West and work towards membership in NATO and the European Union.

For the protesters on Rustaveli Avenue, the stakes couldn’t be higher. Many of them grew up dreaming of a Georgia that was fully integrated into the European and Western world. They remember the promises made by previous governments, and they fear that the current leadership’s cozy relationship with Russia could lock Georgia into a future that is more aligned with authoritarianism and less with democracy and freedom.

A Crossroads: The Future of Georgia’s European Aspirations

As the protests continue, it’s clear that Georgia is at a crossroads. The government, for all its denials, faces growing opposition both within the country and abroad. The EU has repeatedly warned the Georgian leadership that its actions — particularly those undermining democratic institutions and cozying up to Moscow — could jeopardize Georgia’s European future.

Yet, despite these warnings, there are many who argue that the ruling party is playing a delicate game, seeking to balance the country’s relationships with both the West and Russia. In the face of Russian aggression in Ukraine, Georgia’s leadership may be trying to avoid antagonizing Moscow too directly, given the country’s own historical vulnerabilities. However, the protesters who have gathered in their thousands night after night on Rustaveli Avenue are making it clear that they are not willing to accept a future that leaves Georgia trapped between two geopolitical forces.

The question now is whether the government can hold onto power while navigating the increasingly difficult waters of Russian-Western rivalry, or whether the demands of the people for a European future will ultimately tip the balance. For many in Georgia, the future of their country is clear: they want to move forward, not backward, and they want a European path, not a return to Russia’s sphere of influence.

The outcome of these protests may shape Georgia’s future for years to come. It will determine whether the country can reclaim its European aspirations and take its place among the democratic nations of the West, or whether it will be drawn back into the orbit of a resurgent Russia. The stakes have never been higher for Georgia — and its people are determined to have their voices heard.

The situation you’re describing in Georgia underscores a deeply tense and precarious moment for the country, where internal political strife and external diplomatic pressure are converging. Here’s a breakdown of the key elements:

1. Georgia’s Diplomatic Struggles: Georgia has been walking a tightrope in its foreign policy for years, seeking to balance relationships with the West (particularly the European Union and the United States) while also managing its ties with Russia. The suspension of Georgia’s strategic partnership with the U.S. marks a significant setback for the country, especially since it had been working to solidify this partnership in recent years. This move likely stems from Georgia’s domestic politics and its increasing distance from Western values and policies, which has raised alarms in Washington and Brussels. The EU’s fallout with Georgia compounds this, signaling growing discontent with the Georgian government’s recent policies and actions, particularly its reluctance to fully embrace Western integration.
2. Internal Unrest and Tensions: Georgia’s internal political situation is also highly volatile, as demonstrated by the protests you describe. The country has a history of street protests and civil unrest, but the current period seems particularly fraught, with opposition forces challenging the government’s direction and legitimacy. The symbolism of people protesting outside the parliament building—often a focal point for Georgian political drama—underscores the intensity of the frustration. The use of fireworks, whistles, and vuvuzelas (typically associated with public protests and demonstrations) indicates that the discontent is loud and widespread. The presence of riot police with water cannons and tear gas suggests the government is prepared for a heavy-handed response to the unrest, further escalating the sense of tension.
3. The “Edge of an Abyss”: The statement from a Georgian Dream supporter that the country is sitting at the “edge of an abyss” encapsulates the sense of peril and uncertainty that defines the current moment. Georgia’s small size and strategic location—nestled between Russia and the West—means that its political and economic choices have far-reaching consequences. The notion of an “abyss” reflects the existential threat that Georgians may feel: if the country veers too far toward Russia, it risks alienating the West and potentially facing backlash or sanctions. If it continues to push for closer integration with the EU and the U.S., it risks escalating tensions with Russia, which still sees Georgia as within its sphere of influence, particularly after the 2008 war over South Ossetia and Abkhazia.
4. The Government’s Position: The government of the ruling Georgian Dream party, which has been in power for several years, is caught between these conflicting pressures. It is trying to maintain sovereignty and stability in a region that has been historically volatile. On the one hand, Georgia’s strategic location means it can’t afford to ignore its relationship with Russia, especially when it comes to energy, trade, and security issues. On the other hand, Georgia has ambitions for EU and NATO membership, and it is under increasing pressure to align itself more fully with Western values and policies. The government’s failure to navigate this balance is one of the key factors behind the unrest, as many Georgians feel that the country is drifting away from its European aspirations and democratic principles.
5. The Broader Context: The situation in Georgia is part of a larger geopolitical struggle in the post-Soviet space, where countries like Ukraine, Moldova, and Armenia also find themselves balancing between Russian influence and Western integration. Georgia’s desire for a European future has always been a point of contention, and its internal political struggles are being closely watched by both Russia and the West.

In this volatile environment, the stakes are incredibly high for Georgia. The country faces a defining moment in its history, one that could determine its future course for decades to come. The challenge for Georgian leaders is to steer a course that preserves national stability and sovereignty while navigating the often-contradictory pressures from both East and West. How this crisis unfolds will have significant ramifications not only for Georgia but for the wider region and international politics.

The escalation of violence in Georgia, as described in your account, marks a chilling turn in the country’s political crisis, with both protesters and police suffering significant casualties. Here’s a deeper analysis of the situation:

1. Increased Police Aggression:

The shift in police tactics—from waiting until dawn to clear the streets, to moving in much earlier on Monday—suggests a deliberate change in strategy aimed at quelling protests more decisively and preventing any opportunity for the opposition to regroup or gain momentum. By taking action earlier in the night, the government likely hoped to prevent the protests from growing or spreading, but this also indicates a marked shift toward more aggressive policing and the use of force.

2. Injuries Among Protesters and Police:

The more than 100 injuries reported among the police force indicates that the protests have been large and intense, with clashes between protesters and law enforcement escalating. However, the most concerning aspect is the reports of protesters suffering serious injuries, including beatings, particularly to the face and head. This level of violence, especially when directed at peaceful protesters or those detained, suggests that the authorities are using tactics that many would consider to be extreme and disproportionate to the scale of the unrest. The claim that such levels of violence and brutality have “never been seen before here” points to an alarming deterioration in the rule of law and the government’s willingness to suppress dissent through force.

3. Media Attacks:

The attacks on TV reporters are a particularly troubling development. The press plays a critical role in any democratic society, and targeting journalists—whether through physical violence or intimidation—undermines the ability to inform the public and expose human rights violations. This suggests that the government is not only trying to suppress the opposition but is also attempting to control the narrative, ensuring that the world sees a version of events that aligns with its own agenda. This is not uncommon in highly charged political climates where the government wants to maintain a tight grip on information and prevent any dissenting voices from reaching the public, either domestically or internationally.

4. Widespread Repression:

Lasha Dzebisashvili’s comment about the scale of people being hunted down and beaten individually further highlights the level of repression the government is willing to deploy to stifle dissent. The description suggests that these actions are not merely sporadic incidents but part of a broader campaign of intimidation and violence against those seen as enemies of the state or the ruling party. The fact that many of the injured need medical treatment in clinics implies that the beatings are severe, and the brutality of the police is being actively hidden from the public by suppressing information and intimidating witnesses.

5. The Political Context:

This crackdown is occurring against the backdrop of a broader political crisis in Georgia. The government’s response to the protests—especially if it involves significant violence—could be a signal that the authorities feel increasingly cornered and are resorting to authoritarian measures to hold onto power. The failure of the authorities to address the root causes of the unrest—such as disillusionment with the ruling party’s policies, the perceived drift away from Western institutions, or public anger over corruption—may have left the government with few options but to escalate the repression.

Furthermore, as you’ve already pointed out, Georgia has seen strained relations with the EU and the United States, both of which are concerned about the government’s backslide on democratic reforms and its failure to live up to the expectations of integration with the West. The more the government resorts to violence to suppress protests, the more it risks further alienating international allies who could play a key role in helping the country stabilize and advance its European and democratic aspirations.

6. International Reactions:

As protests in Georgia continue and the government’s response becomes more brutal, international bodies—especially the EU, the U.S., and human rights organizations—are likely to respond with condemnation and calls for restraint. However, the Georgian government may be less susceptible to such pressure, particularly if it believes that its internal control is more pressing and that the international community’s influence over its actions is waning. It could also frame the protests as part of a broader geopolitical struggle, especially if the opposition is seen as aligned with pro-Western forces or factions within the EU.

7. The Risk of Escalation:

If the government continues with such a heavy-handed approach, there’s a real risk of further radicalizing the opposition and causing even more widespread unrest. As Dzebisashvili’s comments suggest, the scale of repression is unlike anything seen before, and the level of state violence could alienate many Georgians, pushing them toward more extreme forms of protest or even civil disobedience. If the government fails to address the underlying grievances of the protesters and continues to resort to violence, the country could face a prolonged period of instability or even a full-scale political crisis.

8. The Path Forward:

The situation in Georgia is a moment of reckoning. The government must decide whether to engage with the opposition and find a political resolution to the unrest, or whether to double down on repression, which could lead to even more widespread dissent and possibly a loss of legitimacy. For the Georgian people, the next steps will likely determine the future direction of their country: whether it remains on a path toward European integration or drifts further into authoritarianism and potential isolation.

In sum, Georgia is facing a dangerous and momentous moment in its history. The government’s brutal crackdown is likely to have significant political, social, and diplomatic consequences, and how the situation develops will have long-lasting effects not only on Georgia’s internal stability but also on its international relationships.

The situation in Georgia is indeed reaching a critical juncture, with the government and the protesters locked in a tense standoff that could escalate further. Here’s an analysis of the key points you’ve outlined:

1. Accusations of Police Brutality:

Levan Ioseliani, Georgia’s Public Rights Defender, has made a crucial claim that the police have engaged in brutality and abused their authority with impunity. This accusation is significant because Ioseliani’s office is tasked with defending citizens’ rights, and his words carry weight. If the government’s security forces are seen as operating beyond the law or using excessive force, it risks further eroding public trust in the state, especially if these actions are perceived as targeting peaceful demonstrators.

On the other hand, government supporters argue that the police have been subjected to violent attacks from protesters, including stones and fireworks. The justification for the use of force is that the police are simply defending themselves. This points to the polarized narrative surrounding the protests—those in power present the situation as one of self-defense, while the opposition and civil rights advocates frame it as an abuse of power by the state.

2. A Constitutional Crisis:

This unrest is more than a mere political dispute—it has the hallmarks of a constitutional crisis, as the very principles of democracy and the rule of law are being called into question. The government’s refusal to engage in dialogue or negotiations, combined with the growing repression, risks a deeper breakdown in the country’s political institutions. In a constitutional crisis, the legitimacy of state institutions is often at stake, and it’s unclear which side, the government or the protesters, will ultimately prevail. The key question now is: will Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze and the government back down, or will the protests lose steam under the pressure of state violence and intimidation?

The government’s strategy of denying any legitimacy to the protesters by framing them as foreign-funded (without evidence) is a classic tactic often employed by governments facing domestic unrest. By casting the protests as external interference, the government aims to undermine the protesters’ credibility and paint them as tools of foreign influence. This can make negotiations more difficult, as it casts the opposition not as a legitimate political force, but as a puppet of foreign powers.

3. The Call for Fresh Elections:

The demand for fresh elections from the protesters is significant. Many people in Georgia feel that the election held just over a month ago was deeply flawed, with reports of bribery, multiple voting, and other forms of electoral fraud. These violations not only undermine the legitimacy of the vote but also add fuel to the fire of public discontent. For the protesters, calling for fresh elections is not just about reversing the result, but also about restoring trust in Georgia’s democratic institutions and ensuring that future elections are free and fair.

The couple who plan to turn out every night in December, demanding that Georgian Dream change its approach and call for fresh elections, illustrate the determination of many protesters. This suggests that the opposition is not easily dissuaded, and they are willing to continue mobilizing, even in the face of brutal repression. The persistence of such protests—if sustained—could put even more pressure on the government, making it harder for them to ignore the demands for reform.

4. Will the Government Back Down?:

Prime Minister Kobakhidze’s statement that there will be “no negotiations” is a clear sign that the government is not willing to compromise at this stage. This hardline approach may stem from the belief that appeasing the opposition could lead to further erosion of authority, potentially setting a dangerous precedent for future challenges to Georgian Dream’s rule.

However, the government faces several risks by maintaining this stance:

• Increasing domestic and international pressure: If the protests continue to grow, and if reports of state violence and abuses multiply, Georgia’s international partners—particularly the EU and the U.S.—could increase pressure on the government to engage in dialogue. The risk of sanctions or a loss of Western support could eventually force the government to reconsider its approach.
• Falling legitimacy: If the situation deteriorates further, the government may start to lose support among moderate voters and key sections of the elite, who may not want to be associated with a regime that is seen as authoritarian and disconnected from the people. This could lead to internal divisions within the ruling party or state institutions, further destabilizing the situation.
• Prolonged unrest: If the protests continue through December and into the new year, Georgia risks falling into a cycle of political paralysis, with neither side willing to back down. This could have long-term consequences for the country’s democratic institutions and its international standing.

5. The Path Forward:

For Georgia, there are no easy solutions. The country stands at a crossroads, with the government and the opposition both dug in. Some possible outcomes include:

• Escalation: If the government continues its heavy-handed approach, the protests could become more intense, potentially leading to larger-scale unrest. This could lead to widespread violence or even a collapse of state authority in some regions, especially if law enforcement begins to fracture or if some sectors of the elite shift allegiance.
• Negotiation and Reform: While Prime Minister Kobakhidze has ruled out negotiations, there could be back-channel discussions or growing international pressure that leads the government to soften its stance. This could result in new elections, constitutional reforms, or even a shift in leadership if the ruling party faces significant internal dissent.
• Fizzling Out: The protests could eventually lose steam if the government is able to successfully suppress them through intimidation, violence, or disinformation campaigns. However, this outcome is becoming increasingly unlikely, given the intensity and persistence of the protests. Additionally, if protesters continue to mobilize, the government risks making the situation worse by appearing more authoritarian, which could damage its international reputation.

In conclusion, Georgia is facing a high-stakes moment in its democratic development. The outcome of this crisis will have far-reaching implications for the country’s political future and its relationship with the wider international community. The next few weeks are crucial in determining whether Georgia can resolve its political crisis peacefully, or if it will slide deeper into authoritarianism and civil unrest.

The political crisis in Georgia is becoming increasingly complex, as both the government and the opposition accuse each other of lacking legitimacy. This standoff, with deepening divisions between the pro-Western opposition and the ruling Georgian Dream party, highlights a fundamental conflict over the country’s future direction, its democratic institutions, and its geopolitical orientation. Here’s a breakdown of the situation:

1. Legitimacy Disputes:

• Opposition’s Perspective:
  The opposition, led by a pro-Western president, Salome Zourabichvili, and four key opposition groups, asserts that the government lacks legitimacy due to what they describe as “falsified elections”. They argue that Georgia’s electoral process was marred by irregularities such as vote buying, multiple voting, and other violations, which calls into question the democratic mandate of the ruling party. The opposition’s refusal to enter parliament is a direct protest against these claims, signaling their rejection of the current government’s legitimacy.
• Georgian Dream’s Perspective:
  On the other hand, the ruling Georgian Dream party insists that they won the election fair and square and that the protests and the claims of electoral fraud are baseless. They accuse Salome Zourabichvili, the largely ceremonial president, of lacking legitimacy in the eyes of the government. The party argues that Zourabichvili’s mandate is nearly over, yet she remains a prominent figure in the opposition to the government, positioning herself as a protector of the country’s European aspirations. The government’s response suggests that they see her role as politically charged rather than ceremonial, as she continues to advocate for democratic reforms and European integration.
• The Dilemma of Legitimacy:
  The mutual accusations of illegitimacy create a political deadlock. With neither side recognizing the authority of the other, Georgia faces a dangerous cycle of undermined democratic institutions. This not only weakens the country internally but also complicates its external relationships, particularly with the EU and the U.S., who are closely watching the situation.

2. The Geopolitical Context:

As the political crisis unfolds, the looming threat from Russia casts a long shadow over Georgia’s future. The comparison to Ukraine’s Maidan Revolution (2014)—when pro-European protests ousted the pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych, sparking Russia’s annexation of Crimea and intervention in eastern Ukraine—resonates deeply in Georgia.

• Russia’s Role:
  Georgia has historically been wary of Russian influence, especially following the 2008 war over South Ossetia and Abkhazia, both of which are now effectively controlled by Russia. Given that Russia already has troops stationed in these regions, the Georgian government is fearful that an escalation in political unrest could provide Russia with an opportunity to intervene, as it did in Ukraine.
• The Opposition’s Fear:
  Nika Gvaramia, an opposition leader from the Coalition for Change, frames the crisis as a geopolitical struggle between a European Georgia and one that could fall back into Russia’s orbit. This rhetoric is powerful because it taps into the fears of many Georgians who are concerned that the political turmoil will open the door for Russian expansionism in the region. The stark choice between European integration and Russian control resonates particularly with those who view Georgia’s future as intrinsically tied to the EU and NATO, and as a vital part of the West’s sphere of influence.

3. The Role of Salome Zourabichvili:

President Zourabichvili’s position is crucial to understanding the current deadlock. As a pro-Western figurehead, she represents a vision of Georgia’s future that aligns with European values and institutions. The Georgian Dream party’s critique of her highlights the tension between the ruling party’s domestic policies and the broader, pro-European orientation that many in the opposition—and in the public—continue to support.

• Zourabichvili’s Intentions:
  Zourabichvili, whose presidential term is nearing its end, has made it clear that she intends to stay on to help maintain stability. Her decision to stay in the political spotlight is significant because she has positioned herself as a defender of Georgia’s European future, in contrast to the government’s more nationalist and Russia-appeasing tendencies. As tensions rise, the symbolic role she plays in upholding Georgia’s pro-Western stance has made her a central figure in the battle for the country’s direction.
• Georgian Dream’s Strategy:
  The government’s strategy seems to be one of undermining Zourabichvili’s role, portraying her as illegitimate in order to consolidate their hold on power. But in doing so, they are reinforcing the divide between those who see Georgia’s future as tied to the West and those who feel that closer ties with Russia may be the only way to ensure national survival and stability.

4. The Polarization of Georgian Society:

The crisis is exposing deep polarization within Georgian society. On one side, you have a government that claims to represent the majority and the will of the people, while on the other side, you have opposition groups who are determined to fight for a cleaner electoral process, democratic reforms, and a more European-oriented future.

• Protesters’ Persistence:
  The protesters are not backing down, with many pledging to continue their demonstrations until their demands are met, particularly the call for fresh elections. This persistence shows that many people feel that their democratic rights have been violated, and they are willing to take to the streets to restore what they see as Georgia’s European path.
• The Danger of Stalemate:
  The longer the stalemate persists, the more it risks deepening political divisions in the country. This could lead to violent confrontations between the protesters and the government, further weakening Georgia’s democratic institutions and making it more vulnerable to external interference, particularly from Russia.

5. The Choice Between Europe and Russia:

Ultimately, the ongoing political crisis in Georgia represents a fundamental crossroads for the country. As Nika Gvaramia puts it, Georgians are faced with a stark choice: a European Georgia, aligned with the values of democracy, rule of law, and EU integration, or one that succumbs to Russia’s sphere of influence, where political freedoms are restricted, and sovereignty is compromised.

• The European Dream:
  For many Georgians, the dream of joining the EU and NATO remains the ultimate goal. They see this as the best path to ensuring the country’s security, stability, and prosperity, as well as securing democratic reforms. The opposition, despite internal divisions, remains committed to this goal, and many view the Georgian Dream party’s accommodation with Russia as a betrayal of this vision.
• Russia’s Influence:
  The fear of Russian intervention is very real, especially given Georgia’s fraught relationship with Moscow and the strategic importance of the country. Russia’s actions in Ukraine have only heightened these fears, and any sign of instability or a shift toward Russian-friendly policies could trigger a response similar to what happened in Ukraine.

Conclusion:

The situation in Georgia is a crucial moment in the country’s history. The political battle between the ruling party and the opposition is more than just about elections—it’s about the country’s identity, its place in the world, and its future orientation. Georgia’s European aspirations are in direct tension with the risk of Russian influence, and the outcome of this crisis will shape the nation’s destiny for years to come.

The key questions remain: will the Georgian Dream party compromise and allow for free and fair elections, or will they continue to suppress opposition and steer the country away from its European future? Will Georgia’s pro-Western activists be able to maintain momentum and secure a peaceful transition, or will Russian pressure lead to further instability and possibly a loss of sovereignty? Only time will tell, but the stakes for Georgia, and for the wider region, are incredibly high.

The ongoing protests in Georgia, and the increasingly polarized rhetoric surrounding them, underscore a deep national divide that transcends mere political rivalry. This is not just about the Georgian Dream party versus the opposition—it’s about the very identity of Georgia and its future geopolitical orientation. The words and actions of both sides reflect a broader struggle for Georgia’s sovereignty, democracy, and place in the world.

1. The Narrative of Resistance:

For the opposition, the current struggle is framed as a “liberation fight”, with the protests not only about a contested election but about the preservation of Georgia’s sovereignty and European aspirations. The rhetoric of “No to Russia” that is painted on walls across Tbilisi speaks to the deep-rooted fear and resentment of Russia, particularly following the 2008 war with Russia over South Ossetia and Abkhazia. For many Georgians, especially in the opposition, the Russian threat is existential, and they view the current government’s policies as potentially opening the door for further Russian influence or intervention.

This message—“No to Russia”—has become a rallying cry not just against Russian imperialism but against any policies seen as aligned with Moscow. The opposition, especially leaders like Nika Gvaramia, see the government’s actions as part of a wider strategy to tilt Georgia toward Russia, whether intentionally or through incompetence or corruption. Their “liberation fight” is as much about rejecting Russia’s growing influence as it is about pushing back against what they view as an authoritarian shift at home.

2. Georgian Dream and Russian Allegations:

The Georgian Dream government, however, vehemently denies that it has any intention of bringing Georgia closer to Russia. They argue that the accusations of Russian interference are merely a political tool used by the opposition to undermine their legitimacy. This narrative is reinforced by figures like Maka Bochorishvili, who dismiss the opposition’s claims as “Russia card” tactics.

However, the Georgian Dream party faces ongoing accusations of Russian influence, which complicate its narrative:

• Bidzina Ivanishvili, the party’s billionaire benefactor, made his fortune in Russia and has long been suspected of maintaining ties with Russian elites. Critics argue that his influence over the government has skewed Georgia’s policies toward Russia-friendly positions, even though the party officially claims to have cut ties with Moscow long ago.
• The involvement of Russian figures like Alexander Malkevich, who had ties to propaganda networks in occupied eastern Ukraine, further fuels suspicions that Georgia’s government may be more sympathetic to Russia than it lets on. While the government denies any direct Russian interference in the election process, the association with individuals tied to Russian interests remains a key point of contention.

These issues contribute to the perception that Georgian Dream is either complicit in Russian influence or at least unable to resist it. This only strengthens the opposition’s claims that the government is moving away from Western alliances and toward Russia.

3. Controversial Laws and Russia-style Policies:

Another issue driving the protests is the controversial laws that the Georgian Dream government has pushed through this year, particularly laws that have been perceived as anti-democratic and anti-civil rights. The “foreign agent” law, which has targeted civil society groups and LGBTQ+ activists, has been widely criticized as Russian-style repression. These policies are seen as emulating the tactics used by Russia under President Vladimir Putin, who has curbed civil society and opposition movements under the guise of protecting national security and sovereignty.

Critics argue that these laws represent a shift toward authoritarianism, with the government using them to silence opposition and curtail freedoms. By implementing these measures, Georgian Dream risks further alienating both the Georgian public and its Western allies, particularly the European Union and the United States, who have long supported Georgia’s democratic development.

4. The Kremlin’s Role:

Despite the lack of direct evidence of Russian interference in the election process, the fear that Russia is attempting to exert influence in Georgia is ever-present. The Georgian opposition points to the 2008 war, Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, and its ongoing support for separatist regions in Ukraine as clear indicators of Russia’s imperial ambitions in the region. For many, the idea that Georgia could be the next target in Russia’s sphere of influence is terrifying, and they see the current government’s policies—whether through negligence or design—as opening the door to Russian control.

In a broader context, the Russian government likely views the unrest in Georgia as a potential opportunity to reassert influence in a country that was once part of the Soviet Union. As the opposition continues to accuse the government of aligning too closely with Moscow, the Kremlin is likely watching closely, prepared to act if the political instability worsens or if the ruling party faces significant international isolation.

5. Internal Struggles and the Risk of Further Division:

The government’s refusal to back down from its position—no negotiations, and a steadfast rejection of the opposition’s legitimacy—suggests that the political crisis in Georgia will not resolve easily. If the government continues to repress protests and ignore calls for fresh elections, the divide between the ruling party and opposition could deepen, leading to greater political violence and instability.

• The “Russia Card” and National Identity: The opposition has successfully turned the “Russia card” into a key part of its strategy to mobilize supporters and frame the government as complicit in weakening Georgia’s sovereignty. For the government, it is a potent accusation that undermines its claim to legitimacy on the international stage. However, as long as both sides continue to accuse the other of being illegitimate, the situation risks becoming a zero-sum battle for control of Georgia’s future.
• Violence and Repression: The claims of police brutality and reports of protesters being beaten during rallies further point to the increasing authoritarian nature of the Georgian Dream government. This violence is likely to fuel further protests and could lead to greater instability. As the opposition pushes for democratic reforms and reform of electoral processes, the government’s heavy-handed tactics may alienate moderates who could otherwise help mediate a peaceful resolution.

6. The Choice Between Russia and the West:

At its core, the Georgian crisis is about a fundamental choice between two competing futures: a European Georgia or a country that drifts back into Russia’s sphere of influence. The opposition frames this as a moral struggle: to maintain Georgia’s sovereignty and its future as a European and democratic state, or to risk relinquishing that future in exchange for Russian control or at best, subservience.

In this battle, both sides invoke Georgian history, but they see it through vastly different lenses:

• For the opposition, Russia is the historic enemy, a force that has sought to crush Georgian independence and identity.
• For the government, the country’s history with Russia is one of complex interactions, where pragmatism and economic ties to Russia may be necessary, especially given the geopolitical realities of Georgia’s proximity to its giant neighbor.

Conclusion:

Georgia is at a crossroads, with a crisis of legitimacy at its core. The protests are about much more than electoral fraud—they are about national identity, sovereignty, and the country’s geopolitical future. As both sides continue to accuse each other of being pawns of Russia, the risk of polarization and violent conflict increases. Whether Georgia will be able to resolve this crisis peacefully, and whether it will remain on a European path, is uncertain, but the choices made in the coming weeks and months will define its future for generations to come.

The recent developments in Georgia mark a pivotal moment in the country’s relationship with both the West and Russia. When Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze declared that the Georgian government would not prioritize negotiations with the European Union for the next four years, it sent shockwaves through Georgia’s domestic political landscape and caused alarm in Brussels and Washington. These comments signal a potential shift away from the West and closer alignment with Russia, raising serious questions about Georgia’s future geopolitical orientation.

1. The Prime Minister’s Statement and Russia’s Reaction:

Kobakhidze’s remarks were interpreted as a clear rejection of Georgia’s European aspirations for the foreseeable future. This comes after a period of significant disillusionment with the EU’s response to Georgia’s internal political crisis, including the country’s democratic backsliding and the EU’s delayed accession talks. By ruling out any serious engagement with the EU, Kobakhidze effectively positions Georgia on a different path—one that could prioritize domestic stability over European integration.

Russia, of course, seized on this statement almost immediately. Vladimir Putin praised Georgia’s stance, calling it a demonstration of “courage” and “character”. In typical Russian fashion, Putin framed the statement as a vindication of Russia’s position, essentially welcoming Georgia’s distancing from the West. However, it is critical to note that while Putin may have welcomed the political sentiment, his comments are more likely a strategic response to Georgia’s potential turn away from the EU and NATO.

It’s also telling that Putin highlighted the absence of direct diplomatic relations between Russia and Georgia, subtly positioning Georgia’s “independence” from both Russia and the West. This reflects Russia’s complex view of Georgia: while it would prefer a government in Tbilisi that aligns with its interests, it is also wary of direct control and does not want to appear too overtly interventionist. Russia wants Georgia to drift away from the EU without having to actively force it back into its fold.

2. Kobakhidze’s “Maidan” Comparisons:

The comparison of Georgia’s opposition movements to Ukraine’s Maidan revolution is particularly significant. Prime Minister Kobakhidze, echoing Kremlin rhetoric, has accused the opposition of attempting to orchestrate a “Maidan-style” revolution, implying that they are seeking to destabilize the country in a manner similar to what happened in Ukraine in 2014. This comparison evokes the fear of a violent confrontation between the government and opposition, potentially leading to foreign involvement, as occurred when Russian forces intervened in Ukraine after the overthrow of Viktor Yanukovych.

By aligning himself with Kremlin-style language, Kobakhidze is signaling to both the domestic audience and foreign observers that his government views the opposition’s actions as a threat to national stability. The “Maidan” analogy is also a way to frame the opposition as a dangerous force, ready to destabilize the country and open it up to external influence—especially from the West. This rhetoric is likely meant to justify the government’s crackdown on protests and opposition activities, presenting them as necessary for national security.

3. The Role of Russia and Business Interests:

Despite the apparent political rhetoric from both the Georgian government and Russia, Thomas de Waal, a Caucasus specialist at Carnegie Europe, offers a nuanced perspective. He argues that the relationship between Georgia and Russia is primarily driven by business interests, rather than any ideological or strategic alignment. While there are clearly political ties between the Georgian Dream government and Russia, de Waal stresses that this is not a “close friendship” but rather a pragmatic relationship shaped by economic realities and mutual fears.

The economic ties between Georgia and Russia are undeniably important, particularly in areas such as trade, tourism, and remittances. Russia is a key economic partner, especially for sectors like agriculture, transportation, and energy. Moreover, for many in the Georgian elite, the connection to Russia—through Bidzina Ivanishvili, the Georgian Dream leader, who made his fortune in Russia—remains a critical part of Georgia’s domestic and foreign policy.

At the same time, Georgia’s leadership is deeply fearful of Russian influence. The trauma of the 2008 war, when Russia invaded Georgia over the issue of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, remains fresh in the minds of many. This fear makes the Georgian government reluctant to fully embrace Russian political influence, even as it courts economic ties. In this sense, the Georgian Dream leadership is caught between competing pressures—the need to maintain positive relations with Russia while still claiming to support Georgia’s sovereignty and European aspirations.

4. Georgian Dream’s Position:

Despite the heavy rhetoric, Georgia’s ruling party has positioned itself in a delicate balancing act. On the one hand, it has sought to distance Georgia from the EU’s pressures, particularly concerning its domestic political situation, including concerns over human rights, press freedom, and electoral integrity. On the other hand, the government cannot openly discard its European ambitions because of its publicly stated commitment to eventual EU membership. Georgian Dream does not want to alienate the West entirely, as EU membership remains a key goal for much of the population and a vital element of Georgia’s international identity.

In reality, Georgia’s relationship with Russia is a business relationship, as de Waal notes, but it is also a diplomatic balancing act. While the ruling party may be more open to Russian influence than its Western counterparts would like, it knows that Russia’s grip on Georgia cannot be fully embraced without alienating much of the population, which still sees the EU and NATO as the ultimate guarantees of sovereignty and security.

5. Moscow’s Strategic Preferences:

From Moscow’s perspective, it is more advantageous to have a Georgian Dream-led government than one driven by passionately pro-Western opposition groups. Even though Russia prefers a Georgia that is more aligned with its interests, it does not want to see Georgia’s political crisis spiral into pro-Western protests that could lead to a Ukraine-style scenario, where Georgia is pulled into the EU’s orbit and Russian influence is further diminished.

For Russia, a pro-Western Georgia would be a strategic loss, but a divided Georgia is manageable—especially if it can be kept in a state of political uncertainty. The more Georgia focuses on internal conflicts and questions of legitimacy, the less it will be able to focus on its European future or further integrate with NATO. This suits Russia’s interests in the region, where Georgia’s geopolitical direction remains uncertain, but stable relations with Georgia’s leadership can be maintained.

6. The EU’s Response:

For the European Union, the situation is increasingly fraught. Georgia’s commitment to European values and democratic principles has been in decline for years, especially under Georgian Dream’s leadership, but the recent statements by the government have pushed those tensions into the open. The EU will be looking for concrete signals that Georgia is willing to restore democratic standards and recommit to European integration if it is to continue its financial and political support.

However, the EU’s leverage is limited. Georgia is a critical partner in the South Caucasus and holds strategic importance, particularly as the EU looks for alternative energy routes and political stability in a region that is increasingly impacted by Russia’s expansionist policies. Yet, the EU cannot continue to support a government that is seen as compromising democratic principles or aligning itself too closely with Russia.

Conclusion:

The recent statement by Prime Minister Kobakhidze about Georgia’s future relationship with the European Union marks a significant turning point in the country’s political trajectory. It highlights the tension between Georgian Dream’s pragmatic economic ties to Russia and its claims of remaining a European nation. Meanwhile, Russia is watching carefully, seeking to capitalize on any opportunity to further weaken Georgia’s ties to the West, while still wary of directly asserting control.

The opposition’s vision of a European Georgia faces significant obstacles, especially if the government continues to use anti-Western rhetoric and Russian-style tactics to suppress dissent. The next steps Georgia takes will be critical not just for the country itself, but for the wider geopolitical landscape in the region. Will Georgia move closer to Russia, or will it find a way to reclaim its European future despite the growing domestic and international pressure? The coming months will reveal whether the government can consolidate its power or if the protests will force a change in the country’s direction.

The protests in Georgia have clearly entered a critical phase, with the opposition intensifying their calls for free and fair elections, while the government remains resolute in its refusal to hold new elections or engage in meaningful dialogue with the opposition. The atmosphere in the capital, Tbilisi, and other cities like Batumi, Poti, Zugdidi, and Kutaisi reflects a growing national crisis, one that could have profound political, economic, and geopolitical consequences for Georgia.

1. Mass Participation and Nationwide Mobilization:

The scale of the protests is unprecedented in Georgia’s recent history. The protests have spread beyond the capital, Tbilisi, and are now seen in other major cities, signaling the depth of public discontent. The fact that public servants from all walks of life have joined the protests underscores the cross-class nature of the dissatisfaction. It’s not just a matter of opposition party activists versus the ruling government; this is a broad popular uprising, one that cuts across political and social lines.

The resignations of high-profile figures, including Georgia’s ambassador to the US, serve as a symbolic blow to the legitimacy of the Georgian Dream government. Ambassadors are typically symbols of national pride and diplomatic stability, and their departure suggests that even Georgia’s own representatives feel the government has lost its mandate to govern or is moving the country in the wrong direction.

2. Protest Methods and Public Response:

The protests show no sign of abating, even as temperatures plummet toward freezing. This speaks to the determination of the demonstrators, who are willing to endure significant hardship to make their voices heard. The protests have also taken on new tactics, such as marching to the public broadcaster, demanding airtime for the opposition and the president, signaling frustration with the state-controlled media and its overwhelmingly pro-government coverage. These symbolic gestures are aimed at undermining the ruling party’s narrative and demonstrating the public’s belief that they are not being represented.

The protesters’ chant of “Georgia, Georgia” reflects a deep sense of national pride and unity in the face of what they perceive as a national crisis. It’s a message that appeals not just to Georgian sovereignty, but also to the international community, signaling that Georgia’s future is at stake, and that its political future should not be determined by the current government’s authoritarianism or perceived ties to Russia.

3. The Demand for New Elections:

The main demand from the opposition, led by figures like Nika Gvaramia, remains clear: free and fair elections, conducted by a new election commission under the supervision of the EU and the US. This is a direct challenge to the legitimacy of the 2020 elections, which the opposition believes were marred by fraud and irregularities, and which Georgian Dream insists were free and fair.

The opposition’s position is strongly backed by domestic and international critics of the government. For them, the question of legitimacy is paramount. Georgia’s democratic future hinges on the ability to conduct free and fair elections, and the opposition is adamant that the only way out of this political impasse is by holding new elections under a neutral and independent commission.

However, this solution seems unlikely to materialize anytime soon. The Georgian Dream government, led by Bidzina Ivanishvili and Irakli Kobakhidze, has shown no sign of backing down on its claims of electoral legitimacy. For them, holding new elections would require an implicit admission that the previous vote was flawed, something they are unwilling to do, as it would fundamentally undermine their political legitimacy.

4. The Divided Future of Georgia:

While the opposition looks to the EU and the US for support, hoping that international pressure could force the government to agree to new elections, the ruling party appears more focused on waiting out the storm, hoping that the protests will lose momentum over time. There is also the expectation among some government supporters, such as Levan Gigineishvili, that Donald Trump’s potential return to power could fundamentally alter the situation. However, this is a long shot, as Trump’s policies have rarely focused on Georgia or the Caucasus, and his return is far from certain, with January 2025 being a long way off.

This expectation also speaks to a deeper geopolitical division within Georgia. The ruling party’s base seems to hope that Trump’s America could offer a favorable environment for their interests, potentially softening the West’s stance on Georgian governance and providing a counterbalance to the pressure from the EU and US for democratic reforms. This reflects an ambivalent relationship with the West, where the government would prefer economic cooperation with Russia while also positioning itself within the Western sphere of influence for strategic reasons.

5. The Economic and Business Consequences:

The ongoing political turmoil is already starting to have economic consequences, particularly for the business community. Georgia’s business sector, which has traditionally been a stabilizing force in the country, is becoming increasingly unhappy with the government’s handling of the situation. A prolonged political crisis or stalemate risks damaging Georgia’s economy and further alienating key international partners.

Many businesses fear that instability could lead to a decline in foreign investment, economic slowdowns, and even job losses. Georgia, which is a critical economic hub in the South Caucasus, risks losing its competitive edge if it cannot maintain a stable political environment. There is also the looming threat of sanctions from the EU and the US if the government continues its anti-democratic path.

At the same time, foreign investors may become wary of doing business in a country where the political environment is so unpredictable. Tourism, which is a key part of Georgia’s economy, could also be impacted if the unrest continues. The Black Sea coast, including Batumi, is a popular destination for tourists, but ongoing political instability could deter visitors.

6. The Geopolitical Stakes:

The protests in Georgia are not just an internal matter; they are of strategic importance for both the EU and Russia. Georgia’s future will influence EU-Russia relations in the region. Moscow is already closely watching developments, as any move by Georgia toward a European path will be seen as a loss for Russian influence in the South Caucasus.

For the EU, the situation presents a test case for how far they are willing to go in supporting democracy and sovereignty in the face of a crisis in one of their Eastern Partnership countries. Georgia’s path forward will likely depend on the degree of international pressure brought to bear on the Georgian Dream government. Whether the EU and the US can play a constructive role in pressuring Tbilisi to hold new elections or whether they will shift toward supporting the status quo remains uncertain.

Conclusion:

Georgia is at a crossroads, with its democratic future and geopolitical orientation hanging in the balance. The protests show no sign of letting up, and the opposition’s demand for new elections is increasingly gaining traction. However, the Georgian Dream government shows no signs of conceding power, and any resolution to the crisis seems distant.

The international community will likely play a pivotal role in determining Georgia’s path forward. If the EU and the US exert significant pressure on Tbilisi, there could be movement toward a political solution. However, if the government continues to dig in its heels, the crisis could deepen, leading to more domestic instability, economic harm, and potentially more geopolitical division within the South Caucasus.

Georgia’s European aspirations are at stake, and the next few months will likely determine whether the country will be able to maintain its sovereignty while navigating the pressure from both Russia and the West. For now, the streets of Tbilisi remain a battleground for Georgia’s future.

Courtesy: ABC News (Australia)

References

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204. References
205. [edit]
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409. References
410. [edit]
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614. References
615. [edit]
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818. ^ “Venice Commission Strongly Recommends Repeal of Foreign Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 21 May 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
819. References
820. [edit]
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987. ^ “Shalva Papuashvili: today, I signed the Law on Transparency of Foreign Influence, the primary objective of which implies the enhancement of the resilience of the political, economic and social systems of Georgia without external interventions”. Parliament of Georgia. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
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990. ^ “Tens of thousands of pro-EU supporters rally in Georgia ahead of key vote”. France 24. 20 October 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
991. ^ “Tens of thousands rally in Georgia for EU ahead of pivotal vote”. Macau Business. 20 October 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
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994. ^ “EU’s Borrell condemns Georgia foreign influence law”. Reuters. 7 March 2023. Archived from the original on 28 April 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
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996. ^ “Lithuanian President says Georgian legislative amendments distance country from European ideals”. 1st channel. 27 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
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999. ^ “German Parliament Foreign Affairs Chair urges Georgia to withdraw Transparency of Foreign Influence Law”. 1st channel. 13 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
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1001. ^ “FM: Unacceptable for FMs of friendly state to attend opposition-organized event”. 1st channel. 16 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
1002. ^ “Latvian FM urges Georgian government to withdraw Transparency Law”. 1st channel. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
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1024. References
1025. [edit]
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1229. References
1230. [edit]
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1395. ^ “Georgian Foreign Office Summons Lithuanian Ambassador over Transparency Law Controversy”. agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 2 June 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
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1434. References
1435. [edit]
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1639. References
1640. [edit]
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1645. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “პოლიციამ 180-ზე მეტი ადამიანი დააკავა “აგენტების კანონის” საწინააღმდეგო აქციებზე 15 აპრილიდან 15 მაისამდე”. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
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1844. References
1845. [edit]
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2049. References
2050. [edit]
2051. ^ “Live Blog: ‘Yes to Europe, No to Russian Law’ – Rallies Against Foreign Agents Bill”. Civil Georgia. 2 June 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
2052. ^ “Massive Tbilisi protest marks historic turnout”. Telewizja Polska. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
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2171. ^ “UPDATE: Former GD State Minister Detained at Rally against “Russian Law” Released”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
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2254. References
2255. [edit]
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2459. References
2460. [edit]
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2661. ^ “President Biden “Disappointed” with Georgian Gov’t Anti-Democratic Actions and False Statements”. Civil Georgia. 9 August 2024.
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2664. References
2665. [edit]
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2670. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “პოლიციამ 180-ზე მეტი ადამიანი დააკავა “აგენტების კანონის” საწინააღმდეგო აქციებზე 15 აპრილიდან 15 მაისამდე”. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
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2705. ^ Datunashvili, Irakli (3 August 2022). “”ხალხის ძალა” – ოცნებიდან წასულმა დეპუტატებმა საზოგადოებრივი მოძრაობა დააფუძნეს – JAMnews”. Georgian Jamnews (in Georgian). Archived from the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
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2708. ^ “According to the dictionary of pseudo-liberals, an independent court means an externally managed court, an independent media means an externally managed media – People’s Power”. Rustavi2.ge. 18 November 2022.
2709. ^ “Georgian Dream departees: American funding in Georgia is not aimed at strengthening the democratic system, but at undermining it”. Interpressnews. 19 September 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
2710. ^ “Georgia is envisioned for a certain role that we shall play under the dictation of the Embassy – new statement of the People’s Power”. Rustavi 2. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
2711. ^ “”ხალხის ძალის” განცხადებით, სააკაშვილის პარტნიორებს ორი მიზანი აქვთ: გათავისუფლება ან ლიკვიდაცია”. Radio Freedom (in Georgian).
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2713. ^ “People Power Says USAID-backed Rule of Law Project “Attack on Sovereignty””. Civil.ge. 24 January 2023. Archived from the original on 26 January 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
2714. ^ “ირაკლი კობახიძის განცხადებით, რამდენიმე დიდი არასამთავრობო ორგანიზაციის ფინანსური შემოსავლები კითხვის ნიშნებს აჩენს”. Interpressnews. 13 September 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
2715. ^ “Brief – Ruling Party Contests Civic Space”. Civil Georgia. 19 September 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
2716. ^ “Foreign agent law to be submitted to Georgian Parliament”. OC Media. Archived from the original on 16 February 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
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2720. ^ “US FARA vs. Georgian Foreign Agents Law: Three Major Differences”. Civil Georgia. 11 April 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
2721. ^ “Ned Price on Foreign Agents Law”. US Embassy Tbilisi. 2 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
2722. ^ “People’s Power to introduce new draft of Foreign Agents Registration Act”. 1st Channel of Georgia. 21 February 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
2723. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Georgians protest against draft law on media, nonprofits”. ABC News. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
2724. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Georgians throw stones, petrol bombs at police in protest over new law”. Reuters. 7 March 2023. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
2725. ^ “Irakli Kobakhidze: It is impossible to have a negative conclusion on one, the other or both draft laws, there may be only comments or recommendations on details – the Venice Commission cannot say that the law should not be adopted”. Interpressnews. 27 February 2023. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
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2728. ^ “❗️ Protesters in #Tbilisi have broken through barricades and are trying to break into the Georgian parliament building”. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
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2730. ^ “Thousands protest at Georgian ‘foreign agent’ bill”. BBC News. 8 March 2023. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
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2733. ^ Presse, AFP-Agence France. “Tens Of Thousands In Georgia Rally Against Controversial Bill: AFP”. www.barrons.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
2734. ^ “Georgia has a huge Western-funded NGO sector and regular outbreaks of violent protest, is there a link?”. Azerbaycan24. 11 March 2023. Archived from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
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2736. ^ “Update: Majority Pledges to Withdraw the “Foreign Agent” Bill, But Questions Loom”. Civil Georgia. 9 March 2023. Archived from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
2737. ^ “Georgia’s ruling party withdraws controversial Foreign Agents Bill and releases protesters”. euronews. 8 March 2023. Archived from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
2738. ^ “Georgian parliament votes to reject ‘foreign agents’ bill in second reading”. Meduza. 10 March 2023. Wikidata Q117066352.
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2742. ^ “MP Mdinaradze: State compelled to address opaque funding; bill targets all foreign funding sources, including Russia”. First channel. 15 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
2743. ^ “Georgian foreign agent bill passes first stage in parliament”. Oc Media. 8 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
2744. ^ “More than 400 CSOs Denounce Foreign Agents Bill”. Civil Georgia. 8 April 2024. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
2745. ^ “Seven opposition parties release joint statement on GD-initiated Foreign Financing Transparency Bill”. 1st channel. 5 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
2746. ^ “International Reactions to Reintroduction of Draft Law on Foreign Agents”. Civil Georgia. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
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2748. ^ “Germany Warns “Foreign Influence” Draft Puts EU Membership at Risk”. Civil Georgia. 5 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
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2761. ^ “Four police officers got injuries during anti-Transparency Bill protest”. 1st channel. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
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2763. ^ “Transparency Law protester with cold weapon apprehended”. 1st channel of Georgia. Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
2764. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d “PM Defends Law, Labels CSOs, President “Foreign Agents””. Civil Georgia. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 17 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
2765. ^ “PM: NGOs never condemned calls for 2nd front-line; had Transparency Law existed back then, they would’ve restrained themselves from war propaganda”. 1Tv. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
2766. ^ “Secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine: If Transnistria and Georgia engage in returning their territories, it will definitely help us”. Interpressnews. 27 March 2022. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
2767. ^ “Speaker urges embassies to clarify position on ultimatum by NGO funded by Denmark, Netherlands”. 1st channel of Georgia. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
2768. ^ “Protest participants plan to meet President”. 1tv. 20 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
2769. ^ “Popular Protests Continue against Foreign Agents’ Law”. Civil Georgia. 21 April 2024. Archived from the original on 21 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
2770. ^ “Ruling party announces public rally in support of transparency bill”. Agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
2771. ^ “MEP Lexmann calls for sanctions on Ivanishvili and Saakashvili’s release”. 1st channel. 23 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
2772. ^ “MEP Wallace: NGOs, the EU and the US used our wealth to set up parallel publics in non-EU countries like Georgia”. 1st channel. 23 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
2773. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Archbishop Zenon Iarajuli: Foreign Agents Bill Creates Threats of Stigmatization”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2774. ^ “Ruling Party Defiant as European Parliament Debate Fuels Controversy in Georgia”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2775. ^ “U.S.: Protests Against Foreign Agents Bill Should Not Become Violent”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2776. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} “Political Reactions to EU Parliament Resolution”. Civil Georgia. 25 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2777. ^ “EP Resolution: Accession Negotiation Shouldn’t Open Until Foreign Agents Bill is Dropped”. Civil Georgia. 25 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2778. ^ “Parliament Speaker denounces European Parliament’s resolution on Georgia”. Agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2779. ^ “Shalva Papuashvili: The resolution is a political statement and nothing else, some MEPs have a personal attitude and a personal vendetta against the Georgian people”. Interpressnews. 26 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2780. ^ “Over 100 CSOs, Media Suspend Cooperation with Government”. Civil Georgia. 25 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2781. ^ “GD Member of Telavi City Council Stands Against Agents’ Law”. Civil Georgia. 26 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2782. ^ “Tbilisi City Court Fines Protestors Against Foreign Agents Bill”. Civil Georgia. 26 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
2783. ^ “MEP says Georgia, “important partner” of EU, has right to adopt any law it needs”. Agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
2784. ^ “Protest underway against Transparency bill at First Republic Square”. 1st channel. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2785. ^ “Protest rally on Rustaveli avenue becomes violent, MIA says”. 1st channel. 28 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2786. ^ “UPDATE: Former GD State Minister Detained at Rally against “Russian Law” Released”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2787. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Georgian Business Association Says Worried About Instability, Backs Government”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2788. ^ “Legal Issues Committee Holds Contentious Second Hearing on Foreign Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2789. ^ “CSOs Accuses Legal Issues Committee Chair of Abusing Power to Silence Opposition”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2790. ^ “Former Georgian Diplomats: GD Diverted from EU Integration Path”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2791. ^ “Legal committee backs Foreign Influence Transparency Bill with 2nd reading”. Rustavi 2. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2792. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Bidzina Ivanishvili: Free, independent, sovereign Georgia, EU member, united, whole Georgia – this is our Georgian dream”. 1st channel. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2793. ^ “The main reason for the Global War Party’s aggression towards Georgia is that, despite great efforts, it could not turn Georgia into a 2nd front – Bidzina Ivanishvili”. Rustavi 2. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2794. ^ “Zurabishvili: Elections “Historical Moment,” EU Won’t Make Decisive Moves Before”. Civil Georgia. 28 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
2795. ^ “Another confrontation occurs at anti-transparency bill rally”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
2796. ^ “Health Ministry says 11 people, including 6 police officers, injured during rally needed hospitalization”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
2797. ^ “Police report 63 arrests and six law enforcement officers’ injuries after last night’s transparency bill rally”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
2798. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d “UNM Chair Severely Beaten by Police During Rally Against Agents’ Law”. Civil Georgia. May 2024. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
2799. ^ “Parliament backs Transparency Bill in 2nd reading”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
2800. ^ Jump up to:^a b “President Calls on Youth to be Calm, Says Long-Term Goal to Win Elections”. Civil Georgia. May 2024. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
2801. ^ “Health Ministry reports 15 hospitalized, among them police; some discharged”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
2802. ^ “Georgian Parliament enforces red security level”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
2803. ^ “Protesters besiege Georgian Parliament after foreign agent bill passes second reading”. oc-media. May 2024. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
2804. ^ “Anti-transparency bill protester apprehended for verbally insulting police”. oc-media. 3 May 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
2805. ^ “Tbilisi Police Department Director says 6 individuals detained for assaulting police officer, damaging property during transparency bill protests”. 9 May 2024. Archived from the original on 11 May 2024. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
2806. ^ France 24 (11 May 2024). “Georgia protest against ‘Russian law’ draws tens of thousands on Tbilisi streets”. MSN. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
2807. ^ “Georgia swells with protests under the boot of a billionaire”. The Times. 11 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
2808. ^ “50,000 protest Georgia’s foreign agent bill as US sounds alarm over ‘Kremlin-style’ law”. CNN. 12 May 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
2809. ^ Rayhan Demytrie (11 May 2024). “Thousands march in Georgia over foreign influence bill”. BBC News. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
2810. ^ “შვიდი ოპოზიციური პარტიის განცხადებით, “რუსულ კანონში” კოსმეტიკური ცვლილებები მიუღებელია” (in Georgian). Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 11 May 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
2811. ^ “Anti-Transparency Law rally underway at Parliament”. 1st channel. 12 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
2812. ^ “Legal Committee backs Transparency of Foreign Influence bill in third reading”. 1st channel. 13 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
2813. ^ “MIA: 20 people, including three foreign nationals, arrested during protest”. 1st channel. 13 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
2814. ^ “Parliament adopts bill On Transparency of Foreign Influence with third reading”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
2815. ^ “Skirmish in Georgian parliament”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 16 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
2816. ^ “UNM, Lelo announce parliamentary boycott”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
2817. ^ “”Strategy Agmashenebeli” also announced a boycott of the work of the Parliament”. Interpressnews. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
2818. ^ “For Georgia rejects parliamentary boycott, vows to continue fight”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 16 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
2819. ^ “Parliament to keep red security level on May 14”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
2820. ^ “MIA: Manifestation near Parliament turns violent”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
2821. ^ “Ministry of Internal Affairs arrested 13 people for disobedience to the legal requests of the police and petty hooliganism”. Rustavi 2. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
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2824. ^ “Anti-Transparency Law protest in Tbilisi”. 1st channel. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
2825. ^ “Georgia president vetoes ‘foreign agent’ law”. Politico. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
2826. ^ “President vetoes law On Transparency of Foreign Influence”. 1st channel. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
2827. ^ “Protesters march in Tbilisi demanding release of recent arrestees”. 1st channel. 24 May 2024. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
2828. ^ “Georgia parliament overturns veto on foreign agents law”. www.bbc.com. Archived from the original on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
2829. ^ “Georgian parliament overrides presidential veto of the divisive foreign influence bill”. AP News. 28 May 2024. Archived from the original on 29 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
2830. ^ “Georgian Foreign Office Summons Lithuanian Ambassador over Transparency Law Controversy”. agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 2 June 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
2831. ^ “Rally-Concert Raises Around USD 125 000 for Arrested, Fined Protesters of Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
2832. ^ “Shalva Papuashvili: today, I signed the Law on Transparency of Foreign Influence, the primary objective of which implies the enhancement of the resilience of the political, economic and social systems of Georgia without external interventions”. Parliament of Georgia. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
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2869. References
2870. [edit]
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2977. ^ “MEP Wallace: NGOs, the EU and the US used our wealth to set up parallel publics in non-EU countries like Georgia”. 1st channel. 23 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
2978. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Archbishop Zenon Iarajuli: Foreign Agents Bill Creates Threats of Stigmatization”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
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2980. ^ “U.S.: Protests Against Foreign Agents Bill Should Not Become Violent”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
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2991. ^ “UPDATE: Former GD State Minister Detained at Rally against “Russian Law” Released”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
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2998. ^ “The main reason for the Global War Party’s aggression towards Georgia is that, despite great efforts, it could not turn Georgia into a 2nd front – Bidzina Ivanishvili”. Rustavi 2. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
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3074. References
3075. [edit]
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3078. ^ “Tens of Thousands Protest Against Foreign Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 12 May 2024. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
3079. ^ “Update: 134 Arrested in March 7–9 Rallies Against Foreign Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 9 March 2023. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3080. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “პოლიციამ 180-ზე მეტი ადამიანი დააკავა “აგენტების კანონის” საწინააღმდეგო აქციებზე 15 აპრილიდან 15 მაისამდე”. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
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3279. References
3280. [edit]
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3484. References
3485. [edit]
3486. ^ “Live Blog: ‘Yes to Europe, No to Russian Law’ – Rallies Against Foreign Agents Bill”. Civil Georgia. 2 June 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
3487. ^ “Massive Tbilisi protest marks historic turnout”. Telewizja Polska. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
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3602. ^ “Tbilisi City Court Fines Protestors Against Foreign Agents Bill”. Civil Georgia. 26 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
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3606. ^ “UPDATE: Former GD State Minister Detained at Rally against “Russian Law” Released”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
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3608. ^ “Legal Issues Committee Holds Contentious Second Hearing on Foreign Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3609. ^ “CSOs Accuses Legal Issues Committee Chair of Abusing Power to Silence Opposition”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
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3668. ^ “Anri Okhanashvili: The term “carrying the interests of a foreign power” is a statement of the fact – any amount that the organization receives is not charity, it has a purpose and an interest”. Interpressnews. 30 April 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
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3689. References
3690. [edit]
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3745. ^ “US FARA vs. Georgian Foreign Agents Law: Three Major Differences”. Civil Georgia. 11 April 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
3746. ^ “Ned Price on Foreign Agents Law”. US Embassy Tbilisi. 2 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
3747. ^ “People’s Power to introduce new draft of Foreign Agents Registration Act”. 1st Channel of Georgia. 21 February 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
3748. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Georgians protest against draft law on media, nonprofits”. ABC News. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3749. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Georgians throw stones, petrol bombs at police in protest over new law”. Reuters. 7 March 2023. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3750. ^ “Irakli Kobakhidze: It is impossible to have a negative conclusion on one, the other or both draft laws, there may be only comments or recommendations on details – the Venice Commission cannot say that the law should not be adopted”. Interpressnews. 27 February 2023. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
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3753. ^ “❗️ Protesters in #Tbilisi have broken through barricades and are trying to break into the Georgian parliament building”. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
3754. ^ “Georgians protest against draft law on media, nonprofits”. ABC News. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
3755. ^ “Thousands protest at Georgian ‘foreign agent’ bill”. BBC News. 8 March 2023. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3756. ^ “Police use water cannon in Georgia to disperse protests at ‘authoritarian’ law”. The Guardian. 7 March 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3757. ^ “Georgians protest against draft law on media, nonprofits”. ABC News. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
3758. ^ Presse, AFP-Agence France. “Tens Of Thousands In Georgia Rally Against Controversial Bill: AFP”. www.barrons.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3759. ^ “Georgia has a huge Western-funded NGO sector and regular outbreaks of violent protest, is there a link?”. Azerbaycan24. 11 March 2023. Archived from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
3760. ^ “Georgia drops bill on ‘foreign agents’ after two nights of violent protests”. The Guardian. 9 March 2023. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
3761. ^ “Update: Majority Pledges to Withdraw the “Foreign Agent” Bill, But Questions Loom”. Civil Georgia. 9 March 2023. Archived from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
3762. ^ “Georgia’s ruling party withdraws controversial Foreign Agents Bill and releases protesters”. euronews. 8 March 2023. Archived from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
3763. ^ “Georgian parliament votes to reject ‘foreign agents’ bill in second reading”. Meduza. 10 March 2023. Wikidata Q117066352.
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3766. ^ “Georgian ruling party to resubmit controversial foreign influence bill”. 4 April 2024. Archived from the original on 17 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
3767. ^ “MP Mdinaradze: State compelled to address opaque funding; bill targets all foreign funding sources, including Russia”. First channel. 15 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
3768. ^ “Georgian foreign agent bill passes first stage in parliament”. Oc Media. 8 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3769. ^ “More than 400 CSOs Denounce Foreign Agents Bill”. Civil Georgia. 8 April 2024. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3770. ^ “Seven opposition parties release joint statement on GD-initiated Foreign Financing Transparency Bill”. 1st channel. 5 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3771. ^ “International Reactions to Reintroduction of Draft Law on Foreign Agents”. Civil Georgia. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3772. ^ “EU raises concern over reintroduction of bill on transparency of foreign influence in Georgia”. Agenda.ge. 4 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3773. ^ “Germany Warns “Foreign Influence” Draft Puts EU Membership at Risk”. Civil Georgia. 5 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3774. ^ “US State Department says to ‘stay tuned’ for possible Georgia sanctions”. OC Media. 10 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3775. ^ “Ambassador Degnan on Foreign Agents bill: Georgia does not need this law”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 27 February 2023. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
3776. ^ “President Zourabichvili announces decision to pardon Lazare Grigoriadis”. 1st channel. 12 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3777. ^ “President to veto foreign influence bill”. 1st channel. 8 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3778. ^ “PM Slams U.S., EU Ambassadors for “Interference,” “Diktat,” Challenges Them for TV Debate on Foreign Agent Law”. Civil Georgia. 14 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3779. ^ “MP Elisashvili physically insulted majority leader Mdinaradze”. 1st channel. 15 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
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3782. ^ “MIA issues statement on rally detainees”. 1st channel. 16 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3783. ^ “Clashes erupt at Rustaveli Avenue Protest”. 1st channel. 16 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
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3785. ^ “MIA: Rally participants confronted police, threw various blunt objects”. 1st channel. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3786. ^ “Four police officers got injuries during anti-Transparency Bill protest”. 1st channel. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
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3788. ^ “Transparency Law protester with cold weapon apprehended”. 1st channel of Georgia. Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3789. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d “PM Defends Law, Labels CSOs, President “Foreign Agents””. Civil Georgia. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 17 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3790. ^ “PM: NGOs never condemned calls for 2nd front-line; had Transparency Law existed back then, they would’ve restrained themselves from war propaganda”. 1Tv. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3791. ^ “Secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine: If Transnistria and Georgia engage in returning their territories, it will definitely help us”. Interpressnews. 27 March 2022. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
3792. ^ “Speaker urges embassies to clarify position on ultimatum by NGO funded by Denmark, Netherlands”. 1st channel of Georgia. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
3793. ^ “Protest participants plan to meet President”. 1tv. 20 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
3794. ^ “Popular Protests Continue against Foreign Agents’ Law”. Civil Georgia. 21 April 2024. Archived from the original on 21 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
3795. ^ “Ruling party announces public rally in support of transparency bill”. Agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
3796. ^ “MEP Lexmann calls for sanctions on Ivanishvili and Saakashvili’s release”. 1st channel. 23 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
3797. ^ “MEP Wallace: NGOs, the EU and the US used our wealth to set up parallel publics in non-EU countries like Georgia”. 1st channel. 23 April 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
3798. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Archbishop Zenon Iarajuli: Foreign Agents Bill Creates Threats of Stigmatization”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3799. ^ “Ruling Party Defiant as European Parliament Debate Fuels Controversy in Georgia”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3800. ^ “U.S.: Protests Against Foreign Agents Bill Should Not Become Violent”. Civil Georgia. 24 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3801. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} “Political Reactions to EU Parliament Resolution”. Civil Georgia. 25 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3802. ^ “EP Resolution: Accession Negotiation Shouldn’t Open Until Foreign Agents Bill is Dropped”. Civil Georgia. 25 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3803. ^ “Parliament Speaker denounces European Parliament’s resolution on Georgia”. Agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3804. ^ “Shalva Papuashvili: The resolution is a political statement and nothing else, some MEPs have a personal attitude and a personal vendetta against the Georgian people”. Interpressnews. 26 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3805. ^ “Over 100 CSOs, Media Suspend Cooperation with Government”. Civil Georgia. 25 April 2024. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3806. ^ “GD Member of Telavi City Council Stands Against Agents’ Law”. Civil Georgia. 26 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3807. ^ “Tbilisi City Court Fines Protestors Against Foreign Agents Bill”. Civil Georgia. 26 April 2024. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
3808. ^ “MEP says Georgia, “important partner” of EU, has right to adopt any law it needs”. Agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
3809. ^ “Protest underway against Transparency bill at First Republic Square”. 1st channel. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3810. ^ “Protest rally on Rustaveli avenue becomes violent, MIA says”. 1st channel. 28 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3811. ^ “UPDATE: Former GD State Minister Detained at Rally against “Russian Law” Released”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3812. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Georgian Business Association Says Worried About Instability, Backs Government”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3813. ^ “Legal Issues Committee Holds Contentious Second Hearing on Foreign Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3814. ^ “CSOs Accuses Legal Issues Committee Chair of Abusing Power to Silence Opposition”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3815. ^ “Former Georgian Diplomats: GD Diverted from EU Integration Path”. Civil Georgia. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3816. ^ “Legal committee backs Foreign Influence Transparency Bill with 2nd reading”. Rustavi 2. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3817. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Bidzina Ivanishvili: Free, independent, sovereign Georgia, EU member, united, whole Georgia – this is our Georgian dream”. 1st channel. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3818. ^ “The main reason for the Global War Party’s aggression towards Georgia is that, despite great efforts, it could not turn Georgia into a 2nd front – Bidzina Ivanishvili”. Rustavi 2. 29 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3819. ^ “Zurabishvili: Elections “Historical Moment,” EU Won’t Make Decisive Moves Before”. Civil Georgia. 28 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3820. ^ “Another confrontation occurs at anti-transparency bill rally”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
3821. ^ “Health Ministry says 11 people, including 6 police officers, injured during rally needed hospitalization”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
3822. ^ “Police report 63 arrests and six law enforcement officers’ injuries after last night’s transparency bill rally”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
3823. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d “UNM Chair Severely Beaten by Police During Rally Against Agents’ Law”. Civil Georgia. May 2024. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
3824. ^ “Parliament backs Transparency Bill in 2nd reading”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
3825. ^ Jump up to:^a b “President Calls on Youth to be Calm, Says Long-Term Goal to Win Elections”. Civil Georgia. May 2024. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
3826. ^ “Health Ministry reports 15 hospitalized, among them police; some discharged”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
3827. ^ “Georgian Parliament enforces red security level”. 1st channel. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
3828. ^ “Protesters besiege Georgian Parliament after foreign agent bill passes second reading”. oc-media. May 2024. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
3829. ^ “Anti-transparency bill protester apprehended for verbally insulting police”. oc-media. 3 May 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
3830. ^ “Tbilisi Police Department Director says 6 individuals detained for assaulting police officer, damaging property during transparency bill protests”. 9 May 2024. Archived from the original on 11 May 2024. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
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3832. ^ “Georgia swells with protests under the boot of a billionaire”. The Times. 11 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
3833. ^ “50,000 protest Georgia’s foreign agent bill as US sounds alarm over ‘Kremlin-style’ law”. CNN. 12 May 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
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3836. ^ “Anti-Transparency Law rally underway at Parliament”. 1st channel. 12 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
3837. ^ “Legal Committee backs Transparency of Foreign Influence bill in third reading”. 1st channel. 13 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
3838. ^ “MIA: 20 people, including three foreign nationals, arrested during protest”. 1st channel. 13 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
3839. ^ “Parliament adopts bill On Transparency of Foreign Influence with third reading”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
3840. ^ “Skirmish in Georgian parliament”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 16 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
3841. ^ “UNM, Lelo announce parliamentary boycott”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
3842. ^ “”Strategy Agmashenebeli” also announced a boycott of the work of the Parliament”. Interpressnews. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
3843. ^ “For Georgia rejects parliamentary boycott, vows to continue fight”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 16 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
3844. ^ “Parliament to keep red security level on May 14”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
3845. ^ “MIA: Manifestation near Parliament turns violent”. 1st channel. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
3846. ^ “Ministry of Internal Affairs arrested 13 people for disobedience to the legal requests of the police and petty hooliganism”. Rustavi 2. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
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3849. ^ “Anti-Transparency Law protest in Tbilisi”. 1st channel. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
3850. ^ “Georgia president vetoes ‘foreign agent’ law”. Politico. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
3851. ^ “President vetoes law On Transparency of Foreign Influence”. 1st channel. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
3852. ^ “Protesters march in Tbilisi demanding release of recent arrestees”. 1st channel. 24 May 2024. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
3853. ^ “Georgia parliament overturns veto on foreign agents law”. www.bbc.com. Archived from the original on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
3854. ^ “Georgian parliament overrides presidential veto of the divisive foreign influence bill”. AP News. 28 May 2024. Archived from the original on 29 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
3855. ^ “Georgian Foreign Office Summons Lithuanian Ambassador over Transparency Law Controversy”. agenda.ge. Archived from the original on 2 June 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
3856. ^ “Rally-Concert Raises Around USD 125 000 for Arrested, Fined Protesters of Agents Law”. Civil Georgia. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
3857. ^ “Shalva Papuashvili: today, I signed the Law on Transparency of Foreign Influence, the primary objective of which implies the enhancement of the resilience of the political, economic and social systems of Georgia without external interventions”. Parliament of Georgia. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
3858. ^ “პარლამენტთან “უცხოური გავლენის გამჭვირვალობის შესახებ” კანონის მოწინააღმდეგეები აქციას მართავენ – იგეგმება მსვლელობაც”. Interpressnews (in Georgian). 5 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
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3860. ^ “Tens of thousands of pro-EU supporters rally in Georgia ahead of key vote”. France 24. 20 October 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
3861. ^ “Tens of thousands rally in Georgia for EU ahead of pivotal vote”. Macau Business. 20 October 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
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3863. ^ “Georgia hits brakes on EU accession bid”. POLITICO. 28 November 2024. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
3864. ^ “EU’s Borrell condemns Georgia foreign influence law”. Reuters. 7 March 2023. Archived from the original on 28 April 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3865. ^ “EU High Representative, Commissioner issue joint statement on Transparency of Foreign Influence bill”. 1st channel. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
3866. ^ “Lithuanian President says Georgian legislative amendments distance country from European ideals”. 1st channel. 27 April 2024. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
3867. ^ “”კანონპროექტი არ უნდა იქნეს მიღებული დღეს არსებული ფორმით” – პაველ ჰერჩინსკი”. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 11 May 2024. Archived from the original on 11 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
3868. ^ “EU scrambles to adopt common position as Georgian parliament passes ‘foreign agent’ law”. Euractiv. 14 May 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
3869. ^ “German Parliament Foreign Affairs Chair urges Georgia to withdraw Transparency of Foreign Influence Law”. 1st channel. 13 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
3870. ^ Borrell, Josep (15 May 2024). “Statement by High Representative Josep Borrell with the European Commission on the adoption of the “transparency of foreign influence” law in Georgia*”. European Commission. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
3871. ^ “FM: Unacceptable for FMs of friendly state to attend opposition-organized event”. 1st channel. 16 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
3872. ^ “Latvian FM urges Georgian government to withdraw Transparency Law”. 1st channel. 18 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
3873. ^ “Anri Okhanashvili: The term “carrying the interests of a foreign power” is a statement of the fact – any amount that the organization receives is not charity, it has a purpose and an interest”. Interpressnews. 30 April 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
3874. ^ “Speaker: Transparency law should be adopted in interest of Georgian people; Natural that foreign countries do not have interest in having their influence transparent”. 1st channel. 12 May 2024. Archived from the original on 13 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
3875. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Moscow, Sokhumi Say EU is Pressuring Georgia”. Civil Georgia. 7 March 2023. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
3876. ^ “Moscow Reacts to the Protest Rallies in Tbilisi”. Civil Georgia. 10 March 2023. Archived from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
3877. ^ “Erdogan: We believe current developments resolve in best interests of Georgian people”. 1st channel. 16 May 2024. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
3878. ^ “Prime Minister Kobakhidze Visits Turkey”. Civil Georgia. 16 May 2024. Archived from the original on 17 May 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
3879. ^ “Volodymyr Zelensky addresses Georgian people”. Interpressnews. 9 March 2023. Archived from the original on 17 May 2024. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
3880. ^ “The National Endowment for Democracy: What It Is and What It Does”. Chinese Foreign Ministry. 9 August 2024. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
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3894. References
3895. [edit]
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