The Maha Kumbh Mela, the world’s largest human gathering with over 400 million attendees, has begun preparations at the site. Authorities are already working to set up for the event.

The Maha Kumbh Mela, scheduled to take place in 2025 from January 13 to February 26 in Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad), is one of the largest religious festivals in the world, attracting millions of pilgrims. Preparations for this grand event are already underway, with Hindu holy men, or Sadhus, inspecting the site along the banks of the Ganga. These early inspections are crucial for setting up their camps, which will house the spiritual leaders and devotees during the festival. The Kumbh Mela is known for its religious significance, where pilgrims gather to take a sacred dip in the river to cleanse themselves of sins, and it is expected to see a record number of attendees in 2025.

Workers are laying metal sheets to construct a temporary road along the banks of the Ganges River in preparation for the upcoming Maha Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj. The festival, one of the world’s largest religious gatherings, is set to take place in 2025. The temporary infrastructure is being built to accommodate the millions of devotees expected to attend this significant event.

Police officials test a remote-controlled lifebuoy on the Ganges River in Prayagraj on December 3, 2024, as part of the preparations for the upcoming Maha Kumbh Mela. The lifebuoy is being tested to ensure safety measures are in place for the millions of devotees expected to gather during the festival.

Portable toilets are being placed along the banks of the Ganges River before installation in preparation for the Maha Kumbh Mela. With an estimated gathering of around 400 million people, the event is set to be one of the largest religious festivals in the world. The infrastructure work is crucial to accommodate the massive influx of devotees and ensure hygiene and convenience during the festival.

Workers are repairing a boat next to a pile of interlocking plastic cubes intended for constructing a floating jetty on the Ganges River. This work is part of the ongoing preparations for the Maha Kumbh Mela, where these floating structures will play a crucial role in facilitating the safe movement of millions of devotees who will gather for the religious event.

Workers are constructing a floating platform on the Ganges River using interlocking plastic cubes, positioned next to a completed platform that is already supporting changing rooms for VIPs. This is part of the extensive preparations for the Maha Kumbh Mela, ensuring adequate facilities for both devotees and dignitaries attending the massive religious event.

Workers paint the railings of a bridge over the Ganges River in preparation for the upcoming Maha Kumbh Mela. The maintenance and beautification efforts are part of the extensive infrastructure work to accommodate the millions of attendees expected at the festival.

Women are making clay stoves to be sold to the devotees who will be staying on the banks of the Ganges River during the upcoming Maha Kumbh Mela. These stoves will serve as essential cooking tools for the millions of pilgrims who will set up camps along the river, contributing to the vibrant atmosphere of the festival.

COURTESY: Zee News

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128. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Kane 1953, pp. 55–56.
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140. ^ Gerard Toffin (2012). Phyllis Granoff and Koichi Shinohara (ed.). Sins and Sinners: Perspectives from Asian Religions. BRILL Academic. pp. 330 with footnote 18. ISBN 978-90-04-23200-6.
141. ^ James Lochtefeld (2008). Knut A. Jacobsen (ed.). South Asian Religions on Display: Religious Processions in South Asia and in the Diaspora. Routledge. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-134-07459-4.
142. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} James Mallinson (2016). Rachel Dwyer (ed.). Key Concepts in Modern Indian Studies. New York University Press. pp. 150–151. ISBN 978-1-4798-4869-0.
143. ^ Maclean 2008, pp. 225–226.
144. ^ The Maha Kumbh Mela 2001 indianembassy.org
145. ^ [=00103&multinational=1#2021 Kumbh Mela] UNESCO Intangible World Heritage official list.
146. ^ Kumbh Mela on UNESCO’s list of intangibl Archived 7 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Economic Times, 7 December 2017.
147. ^ “Over 3 crore take holy dip in Sangam on Mauni Amavasya”. India Times. 10 February 2013. Archived from the original on 22 January 2016.
148. ^ Jump up to:^a b Rashid, Omar (11 February 2013). “Over three crore devotees take the dip at Sangam”. The Hindu. Chennai.
149. ^ Jha, Monica (23 June 2020). “Eyes in the sky. Indian authorities had to manage 250 million festivalgoers. So they built a high-tech surveillance ministate”. Rest of World. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
150. ^ “Mauni Amavasya: Five crore pilgrims take holy dip at Kumbh till 5 pm”, Times of India, 4 February 2019, retrieved 24 June 2020
151. ^ “A record over 24 crore people visited Kumbh-2019, more than total tourists in UP in 2014–17”. Hindustan Times. 21 May 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
152. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e} Nityananda Misra (2019). Kumbha: The Traditionally Modern Mela. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-93-88414-12-8.
153. ^ Rigveda 10.89.7 Wikisource, Yajurveda 6.3 Wikisource; For translations see: Stephanie Jamison; Joel Brereton (2014). The Rigveda: 3-Volume Set. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-972078-1.
154. ^ Pingree 1973, pp. 2–3.
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157. ^ Monier Monier Williams (Updated 2006), Sanskrit English Dictionary with Etymology, Mel, Melaka, Melana, Melā
158. ^ Jump up to:^a b Nityananda Misra (2019). Kumbha: The Traditionally Modern Mela. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 3–5. ISBN 978-93-88414-12-8.
159. ^ Giorgio Bonazzoli (1977). “Prayaga and Its Kumbha Mela”. Purana. 19: 84–85, context: 81–179.
160. ^ Prayaagasnaanavidhi, Manuscript UP No. 140, Poleman No. 3324, University of Pennsylvania Sanskrit Archives
161. ^ Jump up to:^a b Maclean 2008, pp. 88–89.
162. ^ Collins, Charles Dillard (1988). The Iconography and Ritual of Śiva at Elephanta. SUNY Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-88706-773-0.
163. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Ariel Glucklich (2008). The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press. pp. 146–147. ISBN 978-0-19-971825-2.
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169. ^ Dilip Kumar Roy; Indira Devi (1955). Kumbha: India’s ageless festival. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. xxii.
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171. ^ Mark Juergensmeyer; Wade Clark Roof (2011). Encyclopedia of Global Religion. SAGE Publications. pp. 677–. ISBN 978-1-4522-6656-5.
172. ^ Christian Lee Novetzke (2010). “Review of Pilgrimage and Power: The Kumbh Mela in Allahabad, 1765–1954”. Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 41 (1): 174–175.
173. ^ Maclean, Kama (2003). “Making the Colonial State Work for You: The Modern Beginnings of the Ancient Kumbh Mela in Allahabad”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 62 (3): 877. doi:10.2307/3591863. JSTOR 3591863. S2CID 162404242.
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197. ^ Jump up to:^a b James Lochtefeld (2010). God’s Gateway: Identity and Meaning in a Hindu Pilgrimage Place. Oxford University Press. pp. 51–52. ISBN 978-0-19-974158-8.
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204. ^ Jagannath Prasad Misra (2016). Madan Mohan Malaviya and the Indian Freedom Movement. Oxford University Press. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-19-908954-3.
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213. ^ Kumbh Mela: How UP will manage one of the world’s biggest religious festival, Economic Times, 21 December 2018.
214. ^ James Lochtefeld (2008). Knut A. Jacobsen (ed.). South Asian Religions on Display: Religious Processions in South Asia and in the Diaspora. Routledge. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-134-07459-4.
215. ^ Maclean 2008, pp. 43–44.
216. ^ Collins, Randall (30 January 2014), “Interaction ritual chains and collective effervescence”, Collective Emotions, Oxford University Press, pp. 299–311, doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199659180.003.0020, ISBN 978-0-19-965918-0, retrieved 15 October 2024
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220. ^ J. S. Mishra (2004). Mahakumbh, the Greatest Show on Earth. Har-Anand Publications. p. 17. ISBN 978-81-241-0993-9.
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223. ^ Pioneer, The. “CM reviews Kumbh Mela 2021 preparations”. The Pioneer. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
224. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d Baranwal, Annu; Anand, Ankit; Singh, Ravikant; Deka, Mridul; Paul, Abhishek; Borgohain, Sunny; Roy, Nobhojit (2015). “Managing the Earth’s Biggest Mass Gathering Event and WASH Conditions: Maha Kumbh Mela (India)”. PLOS Currents. 7. Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi:10.1371/currents.dis.e8b3053f40e774e7e3fdbe1bb50a130d. PMC 4404264. PMID 25932345.
225. ^ India: Staying Healthy at “The Biggest Gathering on Earth”, CDC, Global Health Security, USA
226. ^ Jump up to:^a b Special Bathing Dates Archived 30 September 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Kumbh Mela Official, Government of India (2019)
227. ^ “Sadhus astride elephants, horses at Maha Kumbh”. The New Indian Express. 30 January 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
228. ^ Nandita Sengupta (13 February 2010). “Naga sadhus steal the show at Kumbh”, TNN
229. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e} Maclean 2008, pp. 228–229.
230. ^ Simon Coleman; John Elsner (1995). Pilgrimage: Past and Present in the World Religions. Harvard University Press. pp. 140–141. ISBN 978-0-674-66766-2.
231. ^ Jump up to:^a b Patrick Olivelle; Donald Richard Davis (2018). Hindu Law: A New History of Dharmaśāstra. Oxford University Press. pp. 217, 339–347. ISBN 978-0-19-870260-3.
232. ^ Diana L. Eck (2013). India: A Sacred Geography. Three Rivers Press. pp. 146–147. ISBN 978-0-385-53192-4.
233. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Maclean 2008, p. 229.
234. ^ “Prayagraj: Food Hub At Kumbh To Offer Cuisines From Different Indian States”. NDTV. ANI. 14 January 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
235. ^ Sengar, Resham (4 February 2019). “5 special foods you can’t miss at this Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj”. The Times of India. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
236. ^ Attractions and Cultural Events of Kumbh Archived 30 September 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Kumbh Mela Official, Government of India (2019)
237. ^ Kumbh Mela: The Greatest Show on Earth at IMDb 
238. ^ “Short Cut to Nirvana – A Documentary about the Kumbh Mela Spiritual Festival”. Mela Films.
239. ^ Kumbh Mela: Songs of the River at IMDb 
240. ^ Агеєв. “Kumbh Mela 2013 – living with mahatiagi”. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
241. ^ “Amrit:Nectar of Immortality”. Retrieved 24 November 2015.
242. ^ “Why twins no longer get separated at Kumbh Mela”. rediff.com. 15 January 2010.
243. ^ “Eyes Wide Open”. Indian Express. 29 July 2015.
244. ^ “Uncertified film screening at Kolkata gallery miffs CBFC”. Times of India. 17 March 2017.
245. References
246. [edit]
247. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e} Kumbh Mela: Hindu festival. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2015. The Kumbh Mela lasts several weeks and is one of the largest festivals in the world, attracting more than 200 million people in 2019, including 50 million on the festival’s most auspicious day.
248. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f} Maclean, Kama (2003). “Making the Colonial State Work for You: The Modern Beginnings of the Ancient Kumbh Mela in Allahabad”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 62 (3): 873–905. doi:10.2307/3591863. JSTOR 3591863. S2CID 162404242.
249. ^ Jump up to:^a b Diana L. Eck (2012). India: A Sacred Geography. Harmony Books. pp. 153–155. ISBN 978-0-385-53190-0.
250. ^ Jump up to:^a b Williams Sox (2005). Lindsay Jones (ed.). Encyclopedia of Religion, 2nd Edition. Vol. 8. Macmillan. pp. 5264–5265., Quote: “The special power of the Kumbha Mela is often said to be due in part to the presence of large numbers of Hindu monks, and many pilgrims seek the darsan (Skt., darsana; auspicious mutual sight) of these holy men. Others listen to religious discourses, participate in devotional singing, engage brahman priests for personal rituals, organise mass feedings of monks or the poor, or merely enjoy the spectacle. Amid this diversity of activities, the ritual bath at the conjunction of time and place is the central event of the Kumbha Mela.”
251. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Kane 1953, pp. 55–56.
252. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e} Maclean, Kama (September 2009). “Seeing, Being Seen, and Not Being Seen: Pilgrimage, Tourism, and Layers of Looking at the Kumbh Mela”. CrossCurrents. 59 (3): 319–341. doi:10.1111/j.1939-3881.2009.00082.x. S2CID 170879396.
253. ^ Maclean, Kama (2003). “Making the Colonial State Work for You: The Modern Beginnings of the Ancient Kumbh Mela in Allahabad”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 62 (3): 877–879. doi:10.2307/3591863. JSTOR 3591863. S2CID 162404242.
254. ^ Monika Horstmann (2009). Patronage and Popularisation, Pilgrimage and Procession: Channels of Transcultural Translation and Transmission in Early Modern South Asia. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 135–136 with footnotes. ISBN 978-3-447-05723-3.
255. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e} James Lochtefeld (2008). Knut A. Jacobsen (ed.). South Asian Religions on Display: Religious Processions in South Asia and in the Diaspora. Routledge. pp. 40 footnote 3. ISBN 978-1-134-07459-4.
256. ^ Matthew James Clark (2006). The Daśanāmī-saṃnyāsīs: The Integration of Ascetic Lineages into an Order. Brill. p. 294. ISBN 978-90-04-15211-3.
257. ^ K. Shadananan Nair (2004). “Mela” (PDF). Proceedings Ol’THC. UNI-SCO/1 AI IS/I Wl IA Symposium Held in Rome, December 2003. IAHS: 165. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
258. ^ Maclean 2008, p. 102.
259. ^ Diana L. Eck (2012). India: A Sacred Geography. Harmony Books. pp. 156–157. ISBN 978-0-385-53190-0.
260. ^ Census of India, 1971: Haryana, Volume 6, Part 2, Page 137.
261. ^ 1988, Town Survey Report: Haryana, Thanesar, District Kurukshetra, page 137-.
262. ^ Jump up to:^a b Madan Prasad Bezbaruah, Dr. Krishna Gopal, Phal S. Girota, 2003, Fairs and Festivals of India: Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh.
263. ^ Gerard Toffin (2012). Phyllis Granoff and Koichi Shinohara (ed.). Sins and Sinners: Perspectives from Asian Religions. BRILL Academic. pp. 330 with footnote 18. ISBN 978-90-04-23200-6.
264. ^ James Lochtefeld (2008). Knut A. Jacobsen (ed.). South Asian Religions on Display: Religious Processions in South Asia and in the Diaspora. Routledge. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-134-07459-4.
265. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g} James Mallinson (2016). Rachel Dwyer (ed.). Key Concepts in Modern Indian Studies. New York University Press. pp. 150–151. ISBN 978-1-4798-4869-0.
266. ^ Maclean 2008, pp. 225–226.
267. ^ The Maha Kumbh Mela 2001 indianembassy.org
268. ^ [=00103&multinational=1#2021 Kumbh Mela] UNESCO Intangible World Heritage official list.
269. ^ Kumbh Mela on UNESCO’s list of intangibl Archived 7 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Economic Times, 7 December 2017.
270. ^ “Over 3 crore take holy dip in Sangam on Mauni Amavasya”. India Times. 10 February 2013. Archived from the original on 22 January 2016.
271. ^ Jump up to:^a b Rashid, Omar (11 February 2013). “Over three crore devotees take the dip at Sangam”. The Hindu. Chennai.
272. ^ Jha, Monica (23 June 2020). “Eyes in the sky. Indian authorities had to manage 250 million festivalgoers. So they built a high-tech surveillance ministate”. Rest of World. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
273. ^ “Mauni Amavasya: Five crore pilgrims take holy dip at Kumbh till 5 pm”, Times of India, 4 February 2019, retrieved 24 June 2020
274. ^ “A record over 24 crore people visited Kumbh-2019, more than total tourists in UP in 2014–17”. Hindustan Times. 21 May 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
275. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e} Nityananda Misra (2019). Kumbha: The Traditionally Modern Mela. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-93-88414-12-8.
276. ^ Rigveda 10.89.7 Wikisource, Yajurveda 6.3 Wikisource; For translations see: Stephanie Jamison; Joel Brereton (2014). The Rigveda: 3-Volume Set. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-972078-1.
277. ^ Pingree 1973, pp. 2–3.
278. ^ Yukio Ohashi 1999, pp. 719–721.
279. ^ Nicholas Campion (2012). Astrology and Cosmology in the World’s Religions. New York University Press. pp. 110–111. ISBN 978-0-8147-0842-2.
280. ^ Monier Monier Williams (Updated 2006), Sanskrit English Dictionary with Etymology, Mel, Melaka, Melana, Melā
281. ^ Jump up to:^a b Nityananda Misra (2019). Kumbha: The Traditionally Modern Mela. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 3–5. ISBN 978-93-88414-12-8.
282. ^ Giorgio Bonazzoli (1977). “Prayaga and Its Kumbha Mela”. Purana. 19: 84–85, context: 81–179.
283. ^ Prayaagasnaanavidhi, Manuscript UP No. 140, Poleman No. 3324, University of Pennsylvania Sanskrit Archives
284. ^ Jump up to:^a b Maclean 2008, pp. 88–89.
285. ^ Collins, Charles Dillard (1988). The Iconography and Ritual of Śiva at Elephanta. SUNY Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-88706-773-0.
286. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Ariel Glucklich (2008). The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press. pp. 146–147. ISBN 978-0-19-971825-2.
287. ^ Jump up to:^a b Krishnaswamy & Ghosh 1935, pp. 698–699, 702–703.
288. ^ Bhikkhu Nanamoli (Tr); Bhikkhu Bodhi(Tr) (1995). Teachings of The Buddha: Majjhima Nikaya. p. 121. ISBN 978-0861710720.
289. ^ Diana L. Eck (2013). India: A Sacred Geography. Three Rivers Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-385-53192-4.
290. ^ Diane Eck (1981), India’s “Tīrthas: “Crossings” in Sacred Geography, History of Religions, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 340–341 with footnote
291. ^ Jump up to:^a b Ariel Glucklich (2008). The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press. pp. 145–146. ISBN 978-0-19-971825-2.
292. ^ Dilip Kumar Roy; Indira Devi (1955). Kumbha: India’s ageless festival. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. xxii.
293. ^ Mark Tully (1992). No Full Stops in India. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 127–. ISBN 978-0-14-192775-6.
294. ^ Mark Juergensmeyer; Wade Clark Roof (2011). Encyclopedia of Global Religion. SAGE Publications. pp. 677–. ISBN 978-1-4522-6656-5.
295. ^ Christian Lee Novetzke (2010). “Review of Pilgrimage and Power: The Kumbh Mela in Allahabad, 1765–1954”. Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 41 (1): 174–175.
296. ^ Maclean, Kama (2003). “Making the Colonial State Work for You: The Modern Beginnings of the Ancient Kumbh Mela in Allahabad”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 62 (3): 877. doi:10.2307/3591863. JSTOR 3591863. S2CID 162404242.
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