Three Dead in Central Kyiv Strike, Ukraine Reports

Three Killed in Russian Airstrike on Kyiv, Authorities Report

Three people were killed in a Russian airstrike on Kyiv overnight, according to Ukrainian officials. The attack, involving a ballistic missile, struck the city’s Shevchenkivskyi district just before the alarm was raised at 06:00 local time (04:00 GMT), shortly after a previous air raid alert had concluded. The missile caused a large crater in the road outside a business center, which was severely damaged, possibly by a second missile or a large missile fragment. Debris and shattered glass littered the surrounding area, and other nearby buildings were also affected. Initial reports indicated four fatalities from the strike.

Ukrainian forensics experts, on-site at the scene, identified the missile’s origin as an Iskander-M ballistic missile, confirming a direct hit. Due to the high speed of ballistic missiles, the sirens failed to warn citizens in time. The missile struck an empty business center, which had been unoccupied since 2022, causing extensive damage to nearby structures, including a local McDonald’s and a dental clinic. Despite the devastation, residents of the area expressed resignation, saying they had grown used to the attacks.

Russian Strikes Kill Three in Kyiv; Attacks Continue Amid Growing Concern Over US Support

Three people were killed in a Russian missile strike on Kyiv early Saturday morning, as explosions rocked the Shevchenkivskyi district of the Ukrainian capital. Oleksandr, a resident from a nearby block of flats, described the series of blasts, recalling the shaking of the walls and a large fire glow in the sky. “There were three explosions in a row, then a big fire glow in the sky – and the building shook. It was very loud,” he said. The missile caused significant damage to buildings in the area, leaving debris and shattered glass in its wake.

Emergency teams and police were quick to respond, cordoning off the main road and creating a visible presence around the site. Videos circulating online showed a car in flames and water flowing through a flooded street following the blasts. Kyiv’s Mayor, Vitali Klitschko, confirmed that air defences had been activated during the attack. This marks the second fatal missile strike on Kyiv this month, following another attack on New Year’s Day that left two people dead.

In the southern city of Zaporizhzhia, six people were wounded in a separate Russian strike on Saturday, with one woman reported to be in serious condition. These latest strikes are part of the ongoing war that began after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, as the conflict continues to cause widespread destruction and civilian casualties.

The strikes come just days before the inauguration of U.S. President-elect Donald Trump, whose foreign policy approach has raised concerns among many Ukrainians. Trump had previously pledged to reduce U.S. military and financial aid to Ukraine, raising doubts about continued Western support in the face of Russia’s aggression. While Trump had promised to end the war quickly, his recent remarks suggest that he may need up to six months to achieve a resolution.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has consistently emphasized the importance of U.S. support as the war intensifies, with Russian airstrikes and fighting on the frontlines showing no signs of abating. The ongoing bombardment and uncertainty about future aid have left many Ukrainians anxious about the future of their country in the conflict.

Courtesy: BBC News

References

• ^ Graham-Harrison, Emma and McCurry, Justin (10 October 2024). “North Koreans deployed alongside Russian troops in Ukraine, sources say”. The Guardian. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
• ^ Rainsford, Sarah (6 September 2023). “Ukraine war: Romania reveals Russian drone parts hit its territory”. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
• ^ MacFarquhar, Neil (17 March 2024). “Five Takeaways From Putin’s Orchestrated Win in Russia”. The New York Times.
• ^ “Chernihiv: Are these Russia’s weapons of war?”. BBC News. 9 April 2022. Archived from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
• ^ Gall, Carlotta; Kramer, Andrew E. (3 April 2022). “In a Kyiv Suburb,’They Shot Everyone They Saw'”. The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
• ^ Bogner, Matilda (25 March 2022). “Situation in Ukraine. Statement delivered by the Head of Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine on the situation in Ukraine”. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.
• ^ Budjeryn, Mariana (21 May 2021). “Revisiting Ukraine’s Nuclear Past Will Not Help Secure Its Future”. Lawfare. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
• ^ Budjeryn, Mariana. “Issue Brief #3: The Breach: Ukraine’s Territorial Integrity and the Budapest Memorandum” (PDF). Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
• ^ Vasylenko, Volodymyr (15 December 2009). “On assurances without guarantees in a ‘shelved document'”. The Day. Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
• ^ Harahan, Joseph P. (2014). “With Courage and Persistence: Eliminating and Securing Weapons of Mass Destruction with the Nunn-Luger Cooperative Threat Reduction Programs” (PDF). DTRA History Series. Defense Threat Reduction Agency. ASIN B01LYEJ56H. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
• ^ “Istanbul Document 1999”. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. 19 November 1999. Archived from the original on 1 June 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
• ^ Wiegrefe, Klaus (15 February 2022). “NATO’s Eastward Expansion: Is Vladimir Putin Right?”. Der Spiegel. ISSN 2195-1349. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
• ^ Hall, Gavin E. L. (14 February 2022). “Ukraine: the history behind Russia’s claim that Nato promised not to expand to the east”. The Conversation. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
• ^ Leung, Rebecca (11 February 2009). “Yushchenko: ‘Live And Carry On'”. CBS News. CBS. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2020.
• ^ “Study: Dioxin that poisoned Yushchenko made in lab”. Kyiv Post. London: Businessgroup. Associated Press. 5 August 2009. ISSN 1563-6429. Archived from the original on 31 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
• ^ “Yushchenko to Russia: Hand over witnesses”. Kyiv Post. Businessgroup. 28 October 2009. ISSN 1563-6429. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2010.
• ^ “The Supreme Court findings” (in Ukrainian). Supreme Court of Ukraine. 3 December 2004. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2008.
• ^ “Ukraine-Independent Ukraine”. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 January 2008. Archived from the original on 15 January 2008. Retrieved 14 January 2008.
• ^ Cordesman, Anthony H. (28 May 2014). “Russia and the ‘Color Revolution'”. Center for Strategic and International Studies. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
• ^ “Putin calls ‘color revolutions’ an instrument of destabilization”. Kyiv Post. Interfax Ukraine. 15 December 2011. Archived from the original on 10 January 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
• ^ Антиоранжевый митинг проходит на Поклонной горе [Anti-orange rally takes place on Poklonnaya Hill] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 4 February 2012. Archived from the original on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
• ^ Brown, Colin (3 April 2008). “EU allies unite against Bush over Nato membership for Georgia and Ukraine”. The Independent. p. 24.
• ^ Evans, Michael (5 April 2008). “President tells summit he wants security and friendship”. The Times. p. 46. President Putin, in a bravura performance before the world’s media at the end of the Nato summit, warned President Bush and other alliance leaders that their plan to expand eastwards to Ukraine and Georgia ‘didn’t contribute to trust and predictability in our relations’.
• ^ Wong, Edward; Jakes, Lara (13 January 2022). “NATO Won’t Let Ukraine Join Soon. Here’s Why”. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 May 2023. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
• ^ “Yanukovych tops list of presidential candidates in Ukraine – poll”. Ukrainian Independent Information Agency. 2 June 2009. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
• ^ Harding, Luke (8 February 2010). “Yanukovych set to become president as observers say Ukraine election was fair”. The Guardian. Kyiv. ISSN 1756-3224. OCLC 60623878. Archived from the original on 27 February 2022.
• ^ “Parliament passes statement on Ukraine’s aspirations for European integration”. Kyiv Post. Interfax-Ukraine. 22 February 2013. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
• ^ Dinan, Desmond; Nugent, Neil (eds.). The European Union in Crisis. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 3, 274.
• ^ Walker, Shaun (22 September 2013). “Ukraine’s EU trade deal will be catastrophic, says Russia”. The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
• ^ “Rada removes Yanukovych from office, schedules new elections for May 25”. Interfax-Ukraine. 24 February 2014. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b “Ukraine President Yanukovich impeached”. Al Jazeera. 22 February 2014. Archived from the original on 7 September 2020. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
• ^ Sindelar, Daisy (23 February 2014). “Was Yanukovych’s Ouster Constitutional?”. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
• ^ Feffer, John (14 March 2014). “Who Are These ‘People,’ Anyway?”. The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 18 March 2014. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
• ^ Traynor, Ian (24 February 2014). “Western nations scramble to contain fallout from Ukraine crisis”. The Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
• ^ На отмену закона о региональных языках на Украине наложат вето [The abolition of the law on regional languages in Ukraine will be vetoed] (in Russian). Lenta.ru. 1 March 2014. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
• ^ Ayres, Sabra (28 February 2014). “Is it too late for Kyiv to woo Russian-speaking Ukraine?”. The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
• ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f} Kofman, Michael (2017). Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. ISBN 978-0-8330-9617-3. OCLC 990544142. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2021. By March 26, the annexation was essentially complete, and Russia began returning seized military hardware to Ukraine.
• ^ Polityuk, Pavel; Robinson, Matt (22 February 2014). Roche, Andrew (ed.). “Ukraine parliament removes Yanukovich, who flees Kyiv in ‘coup'”. Reuters. Gabriela Baczynska, Marcin Goettig, Peter Graff, Giles Elgood. Archived from the original on 9 June 2016. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
• ^ “Yanukovich poshel po stopam Yushchenko – sudy opyat’ otbirayut mayaki u rossiyskikh voyennykh” Янукович пошел по стопам Ющенко – суды опять отбирают маяки у российских военных [Yanukovych followed in Yushchenko’s footsteps – courts again take away beacons from Russian military]. DELO (in Russian). 11 August 2011. Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
• ^ Stephen, Chris (16 January 2006). “Russian anger as Ukraine seizes lighthouse”. Irish Times. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
• ^ Kimball, Spencer (11 March 2014). “Bound by treaty: Russia, Ukraine, and Crimea”. Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 25 November 2015. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
• ^ Янукович віддав крим російському флоту ще на 25 років. Ukrainska Pravda (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 4 March 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
• ^ Pullen, R.; Frost, C. (3 March 2022). “Putin’s Ukraine invasion – do declarations of war still exist?”. The Conversation. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
• ^ “Ukraine’s envoy says Russia ‘declared war'”. The Economic Times. Associated Press. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 25 April 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
• ^ “‘No other option’: Excerpts of Putin’s speech declaring war”. Al Jazeera. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
• ^ Sheftalovic, Zoya (24 February 2022). “Battles flare across Ukraine after Putin declares war Battles flare as Putin declares war”. Politico Europe. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
• ^ “Verkhovna Rada recognized Russia as a terrorist state”. ukrinform.net. 15 April 2022. Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
• ^ Wuerth, Ingrid (22 February 2022). “International Law and the Russian Invasion of Ukraine”. Lawfare. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
• ^ Bellinger III, John B. (28 February 2022). “How Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine Violates International Law”. Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
• ^ Hannum, Hurst. “International law says Putin’s war against Ukraine is illegal. Does that matter?”. The Conversation. Archived from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
• ^ Neal, Jeff (2 March 2022). “The Ukraine conflict and international law”. Harvard Law Today. Interviewees: Blum, Gabriella & Modirzadeh, Naz. Archived from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
• ^ Weiner, Allen S. (24 February 2022). “Stanford’s Allen Weiner on the Russian Invasion of Ukraine”. Stanford Law School Blogs. Q&A with Driscoll, Sharon. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
• ^ Dworkin, Anthony (25 February 2022). “International law and the invasion of Ukraine”. European Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
• ^ Wilmhurst, Elizabeth (24 February 2022). “Ukraine: Debunking Russia’s legal justifications”. Chatham House. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
• ^ Attributed to multiple references:^{[48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54]}
• ^ Ranjan, Prabhash; Anil, Achyuth (1 March 2022). “Debunking Russia’s international law justifications”. The Hindu. Archived from the original on 29 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
• ^ Troconis, Jesus Eduardo (24 February 2022). “Rusia está fuera de la ley internacional”. Cambio16. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
• ^ Gross, Judah Ari (27 February 2022). “Israeli legal experts condemn Ukraine invasion, say it’s illegal under international law”. Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 21 March 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
• ^ McIntyre, Juliette; Guilfoyle, Douglas; Paige, Tamsin Phillipa (24 February 2022). “Is international law powerless against Russian aggression in Ukraine? No, but it’s complicated”. The Conversation. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
• ^ Dannenbaum, Tom (10 March 2022). “Mechanisms for Criminal Prosecution of Russia’s Aggression Against Ukraine”. Just Security. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
• ^ Colangelo, Anthony J. (4 March 2022). “Putin can be prosecuted for crimes of aggression – but likely not any time soon”. The Hill. Archived from the original on 11 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
• ^ *“Ukraine v. Russia (re Crimea) (decision)”. European Court of Human Rights. January 2021. Archived from the original on 22 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024. The Ukrainian Government maintains that the Russian Federation has from 27 February 2014 exercised effective control over the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol … There was sufficient evidence that during the relevant period the respondent State [Russia] had exercised effective control over Crimea.
  • Sasse, Gwendolyn (2023). Russia’s War Against Ukraine. Wiley & Sons. p. 2004. Russia’s war against Ukraine began with the annexation of Crimea on 27 February 2014. On that day, Russian special forces without any uniform insignia appeared in Crimea, quickly taking control of strategic, military and political institutions.
  • Käihkö, Ilmari (2023). Slava Ukraini!: Strategy and the Spirit of Ukrainian Resistance 2014–2023. Helsinki University Press. p. 72. If asked when the war began, many Ukrainians believe it was when the unmarked Russian ‘little green men’ occupied Crimea on February 27, 2014, or February 20, the date given on the official Russian campaign medal ‘For the Return of Crimea’.
• ^ Cathcart, Will (25 April 2014). “Putin’s Crimean Medal of Honor, Forged Before the War Even Began”. The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b “The Russian Invasion of the Crimean Peninsula 2014–2015” (PDF). Johns Hopkins University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 February 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
• ^ “10 facts you should know about russian military aggression against Ukraine”. Ukraine government. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
• ^ Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine Archived 17 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine, p. 19, published by RAND Corporation in 2017. “Ukraine’s government was in transition following the ouster of Yanukovych. As a result, it did not react to the Russian operation when launched. Russia’s task was made relatively easy by the confusion and chaos that generally follows an uprising, such as what happened in Kyiv. Moscow capitalized on the tensions and uncertainty in Crimea, as well as on the inexperience of Ukraine’s provisional government. Meeting notes of the discussion among Ukrainian leadership reveal a great deal of anxiety, uncertainty, and unwillingness to take action for fear of escalation.”
• ^ Jump up to:^a b DeBenedictis, Kent (2022). Russian ‘Hybrid Warfare’ and the Annexation of Crimea. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 140. During the night of 26–27 February, Russian special forces without insignia departed Sevastopol … They arrived at the Crimean Rada and Council of Ministers buildings in Simferopol, disarmed the security and took control of the buildings … Putin later signed a decree designating 27 February as Special Operations Forces Day in Russia.
• ^ “Armed men seize two airports in Ukraine’s Crimea, Russia denies involvement”. Yahoo News. 28 February 2014. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
• ^ Birnbaum, Michael (15 March 2015). “Putin Details Crimea Takeover Before First Anniversary”. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2015.
• ^ Mackinnon, Mark (26 February 2014). “Globe in Ukraine: Russian-backed fighters restrict access to Crimean city”. Toronto: The Globe & Mail. Archived from the original on 15 September 2018. Retrieved 2 March 2014.
• ^ “Russia flexes military muscle as tensions rise in Ukraine’s Crimea”. CNN. 26 February 2014. Archived from the original on 9 September 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2014. A CNN team in the area encountered more than one pro-Russian militia checkpoint on the road from Sevastopol to Simferopol.
• ^ “Checkpoints put at all entrances to Sevastopol”. Kyiv Post. 26 February 2014. Archived from the original on 26 February 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2014. Checkpoints were put up at all entrances to Sevastopol last night and the borders to the city are guarded by groups of people, police units, and traffic police.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b “Russian parliament approves use of armed forces in Crimea”. Deutsche Welle. 26 February 2014. Archived from the original on 30 November 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
• ^ Jen Weedon, FireEye (2015). “Beyond ‘Cyber War’: Russia’s Use of Strategic Cyber Espionage and Information Operations in Ukraine”. In Geers, Kenneth (ed.). Cyber War in Perspective: Russian Aggression against Ukraine. Tallinn: NATO CCD COE Publications. ISBN 978-9949-9544-5-2. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
• ^ “Ukraine Parliament declares Crimea temporarily occupied territory”. IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Archived from the original on 12 November 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2014.
• ^ “”Russia Threatens Nuclear Strikes Over Crimea””. The Diplomat. 11 July 2014. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
• ^ “Putin: Russia to set up military force in Crimea”. ITV. 19 August 2014. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b “Ukraine crisis: Russian troops crossed border, Nato says”. BBC News. 12 November 2014. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
• ^ “Doorstep statement”. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022. NATO Allies have provided training to Ukrainian forces since 2014. In particular, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada, have conducted significant training in Ukraine since the illegal annexation of Crimea, but also some EU NATO members have been part of these efforts.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b Platonova, Daria (2022). The Donbas Conflict in Ukraine: elites, protest, and partition. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-003-21371-0. OCLC 1249709944.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b c Kofman, Michael; Migacheva, Katya; Nichiporuk, Brian; Radin, Andrew; Tkacheva, Olesya; Oberholtzer, Jenny (2017). Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF) (Report). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. pp. 33–34. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
• ^ Wilson, Andrew (20 April 2016). “The Donbas in 2014: Explaining Civil Conflict Perhaps, but not Civil War”. Europe-Asia Studies. 68 (4): 631–652. doi:10.1080/09668136.2016.1176994. ISSN 0966-8136. S2CID 148334453.
• ^ Karber, Phillip A. (29 September 2015). “Lessons Learned” from the Russo-Ukrainian War (Report). The Potomac Foundation. Archived from the original on 2 February 2022. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
• ^ Freedman, Lawrence (2 November 2014). “Ukraine and the Art of Limited War”. Survival. 56 (6): 13. doi:10.1080/00396338.2014.985432. ISSN 0039-6338. S2CID 154981360.
• ^ “Russia’s buildup near Ukraine may reach 40,000 troops: U.S. sources”. Reuters. 28 March 2014. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
• ^ Kofman, Michael; Migacheva, Katya; Nichiporuk, Brian; Radin, Andrew; Tkacheva, Olesya; Oberholtzer, Jenny (2017). Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF) (Report). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. p. 38. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
• ^ Kofman, Michael; Migacheva, Katya; Nichiporuk, Brian; Radin, Andrew; Tkacheva, Olesya; Oberholtzer, Jenny (2017). Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF) (Report). Santa Monica: RAND Corporation. pp. 43–44. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
• ^ “Strelkov/Girkin Demoted, Transnistrian Siloviki Strengthened in ‘Donetsk People’s Republic'”. Jamestown. Archived from the original on 3 February 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b “Pushing locals aside, Russians take top rebel posts in east Ukraine”. Reuters. 27 July 2014. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014. Retrieved 27 July 2014.
• ^ Matsuzato, Kimitaka (22 March 2017). “The Donbass War: Outbreak and Deadlock”. Demokratizatsiya. 25 (2). Princeton: Princeton University Press: 175–202. ISBN 978-1-4008-8731-6. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
• ^ Wilson, Andrew (20 April 2016). “The Donbas in 2014: Explaining Civil Conflict Perhaps, but not Civil War”. Europe-Asia Studies. 68 (4): 647–648. doi:10.1080/09668136.2016.1176994. ISSN 0966-8136. S2CID 148334453.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b “Rebels appeal to join Russia after east Ukraine referendum”. Reuters. 12 May 2014. Archived from the original on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
• ^ “Ukraine rebels hold referendums in Donetsk and Luhansk”. BBC News. 11 May 2014. Archived from the original on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
• ^ “Rebels declare victory in East Ukraine vote on self-rule”. Reuters. 11 May 2014. Archived from the original on 22 February 2022. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b c Arel, Dominique; Driscoll, Jesse, eds. (2023). Ukraine’s Unnamed War. Cambridge University Press. pp. 138–140.
• ^ Wynnyckyj, Mychailo (2019). Ukraine’s Maidan, Russia’s War: A Chronicle and Analysis of the Revolution of Dignity. Columbia University Press. pp. 151–153.
• ^ “Russia’s Igor Strelkov: I Am Responsible for War in Eastern Ukraine”. The Moscow Times. 21 November 2014. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
• ^ “Should Putin fear the man who ‘pulled the trigger of war’ in Ukraine?”. Reuters. 26 November 2014. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
• ^ Holcomb, Franklin (2017). The Kremlin’s Irregular Army (PDF). Institute for the Study of War. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
• ^ “Ukraine reinstates conscription as crisis deepens”. BBC News. 2 May 2017. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 4 October 2021.
• ^ Kofman, Michael; Migacheva, Katya; Nichiporuk, Brian; Radin, Andrew; Tkacheva, Olesya; Oberholtzer, Jenny (2017). Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF) (Report). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. p. 69. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
• ^ Fedorov, Yury E. (2019). “Russia’s ‘Hybrid’ Aggression Against Ukraine”. Routledge Handbook of Russian Security. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-18122-8. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
• ^ Karber, Phillip A. (29 September 2015). “Lessons Learned” from the Russo-Ukrainian War (Report). The Potomac Foundation. p. 34. Archived from the original on 2 February 2022. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
• ^ Kofman, Michael; Migacheva, Katya; Nichiporuk, Brian; Radin, Andrew; Tkacheva, Olesya; Oberholtzer, Jenny (2017). Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF) (Report). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. p. 43. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
• ^ Loshkariov, Ivan D.; Sushentsov, Andrey A. (2 January 2016). “Radicalization of Russians in Ukraine: from ‘accidental’ diaspora to rebel movement”. Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. 16 (1). Informa UK Limited: 71–90. doi:10.1080/14683857.2016.1149349. ISSN 1468-3857. S2CID 147321629.
• ^ Higgins, Andrew; Clark, Nicola (9 September 2014). “Malaysian Jet Over Ukraine Was Downed by ‘High-Energy Objects,’ Dutch Investigators Say”. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
• ^ “Raw: Crews begin moving bodies at jet crash site”. USA Today. Associated Press. 19 July 2014. Archived from the original on 19 July 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
• ^ Miller, Nick (19 July 2014). “MH17: ‘Unknown groups’ use body bags”. The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 20 July 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
• ^ Grytsenko, Oksana. “MH17: armed rebels fuel chaos as rotting corpses pile up on the roadside”. The Guardian. Archived from the original on 20 July 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
• ^ “ATO forces take over Debaltseve, Shakhtarsk, Torez, Lutuhyne, fighting for Pervomaisk and Snizhne underway – ATO press center”. Interfax-Ukraine News Agency. 28 July 2014. Archived from the original on 22 February 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
• ^ Sutyagin, Igor (March 2015). “Russian Forces in Ukraine” (PDF). Royal United Services Institute. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
• ^ “Here’s Why Putin Calling Eastern Ukraine ‘Novorossiya’ Is Important”. The Huffington Post. 18 April 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
• ^ Herszenhorn, David M. (17 April 2014). “Away From Show of Diplomacy in Geneva, Putin Puts on a Show of His Own”. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 October 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
• ^ Luhn, Alec; Roberts, Dan (23 August 2014). “Ukraine condemns ‘direct invasion’ as Russian aid convoy crosses border”. The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
• ^ Dolgov, Anna (21 November 2014). “Russia’s Igor Strelkov: I Am Responsible for War in Eastern Ukraine”. The Moscow Times. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
• ^ Jump up to:^a b Kofman, Michael; Migacheva, Katya; Nichiporuk, Brian; Radin, Andrew; Tkacheva, Olesya; Oberholtzer, Jenny (2017). Lessons from Russia’s Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF) (Report). Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. p. 44. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
• ^ Nemtsova, Anna (25 July 2014). “Putin’s Number One Gunman in Ukraine Warns Him of Possible Defeat”. The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 22 March 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
• ^ Snyder, Timothy (2018). The road to unfreedom : Russia, Europe, America (1st ed.). New York: Tim Duggan Books. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-525-57446-0. OCLC 1029484935.
• ^ “Captured Russian troops ‘in Ukraine by accident'”. BBC News. 26 August 2014. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
• ^ Walker, Shaun (26 August 2014). “Russia admits its soldiers have been caught in Ukraine”. The Guardian. Kyiv. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
• ^ Freedman, Lawrence (2 November 2014). “Ukraine and the Art of Limited War”. Survival. 56 (6): 35. doi:10.1080/00396338.2014.985432. ISSN 0039-6338. S2CID 154981360.
• ^ Wilson, Andrew (20 April 2016). “The Donbas in 2014: Explaining Civil Conflict Perhaps, but not Civil War”. Europe-Asia Studies. 68 (4): 649. doi:10.1080/09668136.2016.1176994. ISSN 0966-8136. S2CID 148334453.
• ^ “Herashchenko kazhe, shcho Rosiya napala na Ukrayinu shche 24 serpnya” Геращенко каже, що Росія напала на Україну ще 24 серпня [Gerashchenko says that Russia attacked Ukraine on August 24]. Ukrinform (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2015.
• ^ “V Amvrosiyevku voshli rossiyskiye voyska bez znakov otlichiya” В Амвросиевку вошли российские войска без знаков отличия [Russian troops entered Amvrosievka without insignia]. Liga Novosti (in Russian). 24 August 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2015.
• ^ Heintz, Jim (25 August 2014). “Ukraine: Russian Tank Column Enters Southeast”. ABC News. Archived from the original on 25 August 2014. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
• ^ “Ukraine crisis: ‘Column from Russia’ crosses border”. BBC News. 25 August 2014. Archived from the original on 25 August 2014. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
• ^ Nelson, Soraya Sarhaddi (26 A