Justin Trudeau dined with US President-elect Donald Trump at Mar-a-Lago, where they discussed Trump’s threat of a 25% tariff on Canada.

US President-elect Donald Trump recently took to the social media platform Truth Social to mock Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, referring to him as the “Governor of Canada.” This comment came after a dinner meeting between the two leaders at Mar-a-Lago, where they discussed a range of issues, including trade tensions. Trump’s jab at Trudeau reflects the ongoing friction between the two countries, particularly concerning Trump’s warning of a 25% tariff on Canadian imports. The remark drew attention to the strained relationship between the US and Canada, with critics accusing Trump of undermining Canada’s sovereignty and leadership.

Last week, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau traveled to Mar-a-Lago for a dinner meeting with US President-elect Donald Trump. During their discussion, Trump warned that he might impose a 25% tariff on Canada unless the Canadian government takes stronger action to curb the flow of illegal immigrants and illicit drugs into the United States. This meeting highlighted ongoing tensions between the two countries, with trade and immigration issues at the forefront of their talks.

In a post on Truth Social, Donald Trump mocked Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, saying, “It was a pleasure to have dinner the other night with Governor Justin Trudeau of the Great State of Canada.” This comment was a lighthearted jab at Trudeau, playfully referring to him as the “Governor of Canada,” a move that drew attention to the strained relationship between the two leaders, especially following discussions on trade and immigration issues.

During their dinner, when Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau warned that a 25 percent tariff would devastate the Canadian economy, President-elect Donald Trump reportedly suggested that Canada could become the 51st state of the United States. Trump reiterated this idea in an NBC News interview over the weekend, and again in a post on Truth Social on Tuesday, fueling speculation and further straining relations between the two leaders. This comment, which was likely intended as a light-hearted remark, drew attention to the complex trade and political dynamics between the U.S. and Canada.

The suggestion, often joked about, fits with Trump’s history of provocative remarks, particularly on social media, which are sometimes seen as either jokes or bluster. His comment about Canada potentially becoming the 51st state is in line with his tendency to make bold, attention-grabbing statements, often blurring the line between serious policy discussions and playful or controversial rhetoric. Critics and supporters alike have come to expect such remarks, which frequently stir debate and add to the unpredictability of his public persona.

In his post, Trump said, “I look forward to seeing the Governor again soon so that we may continue our in-depth talks on Tariffs and Trade, the results of which will be truly spectacular for all! DJT.” This statement reiterated his focus on trade discussions with Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, emphasizing the importance of tariffs and trade policies while maintaining his characteristic bold tone. The use of the term “Governor” once again mocked Trudeau, continuing the playful yet provocative approach that has defined much of Trump’s public commentary.

“The president-elect’s mockery of Canada and its leader is the latest salvo after his promise to impose steep tariffs on Canadian exports,” The New York Times reported. This remark adds to the growing tension between the U.S. and Canada, with Trump’s comments on trade, immigration, and his suggestion that Canada could become the 51st state fueling further controversy. Critics argue that Trump’s rhetoric undermines diplomatic relations, while others see it as part of his broader strategy to challenge existing trade agreements and renegotiate terms more favorable to the U.S.

Publicly, both Trump and Trudeau described their meeting at the president-elect’s Mar-a-Lago estate as successful. Despite the underlying tensions surrounding issues like tariffs and trade, the leaders emphasized their productive discussions. Trudeau highlighted the importance of maintaining strong bilateral ties between Canada and the U.S., while Trump also expressed optimism about future negotiations, particularly on trade and immigration matters. However, Trump’s subsequent remarks on social media, including his mockery of Trudeau, added a layer of complexity to the public narrative surrounding their meeting.

Trump has accused top trading partners Canada and Mexico of not doing enough to curb illegal immigration and drug trafficking. Despite both countries being part of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), a trilateral free-trade agreement, Trump has repeatedly threatened to impose tariffs on their exports. His stance has been a point of contention in diplomatic relations, as both Canada and Mexico have pushed back against these threats, arguing that tariffs would harm their economies and disrupt long-standing trade ties with the U.S. Trump’s position highlights the tension between trade policy and immigration enforcement, two of his key priorities.

After their dinner in Florida, Trump called it “a very productive meeting,” while Trudeau described the conversation as “excellent.” Despite the underlying tensions regarding tariffs and trade, both leaders appeared eager to emphasize the positive aspects of their talks. While Trump continued to push his concerns about trade imbalances and immigration, Trudeau underscored the importance of maintaining strong diplomatic ties between the U.S. and Canada. Their statements reflected the ongoing balancing act in their relationship, with both seeking to highlight cooperation amid their differences.

COURTESY: ANI News

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143. ^ See Congressional Research Service. Canada–U.S. Relations (Congressional Research Service, 2021) 2021 Report, by an agency of the U.S. Congress; Updated February 10, 2021.
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149. ^ Charron, Andrea (2005). “The Northwest Passage: Is Canada’s Sovereignty Floating Away?”. International Journal. 60 (3): 831–848. doi:10.2307/40204066. ISSN 0020-7020. JSTOR 40204066.
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185. ^ From a speech by Trudeau to the National Press Club in Washington, DC, on March 25, 1969
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187. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 195
188. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 71
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198. ^ Americans Give Record-High Ratings to Several U.S. Allies Gallup
199. ^ See Jacob Poushter and Bruce Drake, “Americans’ views of Mexico, Canada diverge as Obama attends ‘Three Amigos’ summit” Pew research Center February 19, 2014
200. ^ “US Image Report” (PDF). June 26, 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2017.
201. ^ “World’s Approval of U.S. Leadership Drops to New Low”. Gallup. January 18, 2018. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
202. ^ Jump up to:^a b “America’s Image Abroad Rebounds with Transition from Trump to Biden”. June 10, 2021.
203. ^ David Stephen Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812 (2004) p. 194
204. ^ J. L. Granatstein, Yankee Go Home: Canadians and Anti-Americanism (1997)
205. ^ Damien-Claude Bélanger, Prejudice and Pride: Canadian Intellectuals Confront the United States, 1891–1945 (University of Toronto Press, 2011), pp 16, 180
206. ^ Richard Collins, Culture, Communication, and National Identity: The Case of Canadian Television (U. of Toronto Press, 1990) p. 25
207. ^ David Meren, “‘Plus que jamais nécessaires’: Cultural Relations, Nationalism and the State in Canada–Quebec–France Triangle, 1945–1960”, Journal of the Canadian Historical Association, 2009, Vol. 19 Issue 1, pp 279–305,
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224. References
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226. ^
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     • “Reconcilable Differences: A History of Canada-US Relations”. Oxford University Press. Reconcilable Differences provides students with a contemporary look at the often complex relationship between Canada and the United States from 1763 to today, using the most recent scholarship available.
     • “Canada and the United States”. The Canadian Encyclopedia. June 11, 2020. “The Americans are our best friends whether we like it or not.” This statement, uttered in the House of Commons by Robert Thompson, the leader of the Social Credit Party early in the 1960s, perhaps best captures the essence of Canada’s complex relationship with its nearest neighbor.
     • Shull, Aaron; Tandt, Michael Den (December 13, 2021). “Is US President Joe Biden Good or Bad for Canada?”. Centre for International Governance Innovation. Canadians have a complex relationship with the United States.
     • “Dispute Resolution in the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement: One Element of a Complex Relationship”. McGill Law Journal. September 18, 2018.
     • Hale, Geoffrey (November 1, 2012). “So Near Yet So Far”. UBC Press. How do politicians, diplomats, and interest groups negotiate the tangled web of Canada–US relations? So Near Yet So Far provides an in-depth look at the multiple dimensions of this complex relationship..
     • “A Canadian Agenda for the USA: Obama and Beyond”. Canadian Global Affairs Institute. August 1, 2018. Complex and Complicated but Mutually-Beneficial Relationship Ours is a very complex relationship building, as John F. Kennedy remarked, on ties of history, geography, economics, security, and deep people-to-people relationships.
     • “”The U.S. Studies Program at The University of British Columbia will significantly increase our understanding of the United States and its institutions and policies through critical research, teaching, and public outreach, making a tremendous contribution to Canada’s complex relationship with the U.S.””. usstudies. January 16, 2013.
227. ^
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228. ^“The Canada–U.S. border: by the numbers”. cbc.ca. CBC/Radio-Canada. December 7, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
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229. ^ Cudmore, James. “Canadian military explored plan to fully integrate forces with U.S. – Politics – CBC News”. Cbc.ca. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
230. ^ Poushter, Jacob (October 6, 2015). “Canadians Satisfied with U.S. Relationship”. Pew Research Center’s Global Attitudes Project. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
231. ^ Brenan, Megan (March 21, 2023). “Canada, Britain Favored Most in U.S.; Russia, N. Korea Least”. Gallup, Inc. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
232. ^ Gutiérrez-Haces, Maria Teresa (November 6, 2018). Identity and Otherness in Canadian Foreign Policy. Collection internationale d’Études canadiennes | International Canadian Studies Series. University of Ottawa Press. pp. 231–250. ISBN 978-0-7766-2722-9.
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236. ^ Jump up to:^a b Kim Richard Nossal (2007). “Anti-Americanism in Canada,” in Brendon O’Connor, ed., Anti-Americanism: History, Causes, and Themes” (PDF). Oxford/Westport: Greenwood World Publishing}. pp. 59, 76.
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244. ^ Howard H. Peckham, The Colonial Wars (1965)
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248. ^ Mason Wade, The French Canadians, 1760–1945 (1955) p. 74.
249. ^ George W. Geib (1987). “The Old Northwest Under British Control, 1763–1783” and “Indiana A Part of the Old Northwest, 1783–1800”. Butler University. pp. 42–44.
250. ^ Thomas B. Allen, Tories: Fighting for the King in America’s First Civil War (2011) p. xviii
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253. ^ Alan Taylor, The Civil War of 1812: American Citizens, British Subjects, Irish Rebels, & Indian Allies (2010).
254. ^ Stagg 2012, pp. 5–6.
255. ^ George F. G. Stanley, 1983, p. 32 ^{[full citation needed]}
256. ^ David Heidler, Jeanne T. Heidler, The War of 1812, pg4 ^{[full citation needed]}
257. ^ Tucker 2011, p. 236.
258. ^ Nugent 2008, p. 73, 75.
259. ^ Mark Zuehlke, For Honour’s Sake: The War of 1812 and the Brokering of an Uneasy Peace (2007) is a Canadian perspective.
260. ^ W.L. Morton, The Kingdom of Canada (1969) ch 12
261. ^ Cleves, Rachel Hope; Eustace, Nicole; Gilje, Paul; Hale, Matthew Rainbow; Morgan, Cecilia; Opal, Jason M.; Peskin, Lawrence A.; Taylor, Alan (2012). “Interchange: The War of 1812”. The Journal of American History. 99 (2). [Oxford University Press, Organization of American Historians]: 520–555. doi:10.1093/jahist/jas236. ISSN 0021-8723. JSTOR 44306807. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
262. ^ Wood, James A. (2010). Militia Myths (PDF). Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-7748-1765-3. OCLC 473375581.
263. ^ Dunning, Tom (2009). “The Canadian Rebellions of 1837 and 1838 as a Borderland War: A Retrospective”. Ontario History. 101 (2): 129–141. doi:10.7202/1065615ar.
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265. ^ Cross, L.D. (2010). The Underground Railroad: The long journey to freedom in Canada. Amazing Stories. James Lorimer Limited, Publishers. p. intro. ISBN 978-1-55277-581-3.
266. ^ “Underground Railroad”. CBC. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
267. ^ Robin W. Winks, “The Creation of a Myth: ‘Canadian’ Enlistments in the Northern Armies during the American Civil War”, Canadian Historical Review, 1958 39(1): 24–40.
268. ^ Adam Mayers, Dixie & the Dominion: Canada, the Confederacy, and the War for the Union (2003)
269. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Alabama Claims, 1862–1872”. GlobalSecurity.org.
270. ^ Mayers, Dixie & the Dominion pp 105–116.
271. ^ Congressional series of United States public documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1870. p. 71.
272. ^ David Keys (June 24, 2014). “Historians reveal secrets of UK gun-running which lengthened the American civil war by two years”. The Independent.
273. ^ Paul Hendren (April 1933). “The Confederate Blockade Runners”. United States Naval Institute.
274. ^ Sexton, Jay (2005). Debtor Diplomacy: Finance and American Foreign Relations in the Civil War Era, 1837–1873. Oxford University Press. p. 206. ISBN 9780199281039. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
275. ^ Theodore C. Blegen, “A Plan for the Union of British North America and the United States, 1866”. Mississippi Valley Historical Review 4.4 (1918): 470–483 online.
276. ^ Doris W. Dashew, “The Story of An Illusion: The Plan To Trade ‘Alabama’ Claims For Canada”, Civil War History, December 1969, Vol. 15 Issue 4, pp 332–348
277. ^ Shi, David E. (1978). “Seward’s Attempt to Annex British Columbia, 1865–1869”. Pacific Historical Review. 47 (2): 217–238. doi:10.2307/3637972. JSTOR 3637972.
278. ^ Shain, Yossi (1999). Marketing the American Creed Abroad: Diasporas in the U.S. and Their Homelands. Cambridge U.P. p. 53. ISBN 9780521642255. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
279. ^ David Sim, “Filibusters, Fenians, and a Contested Neutrality: The Irish Question and US Diplomacy, 1848–1871”. American Nineteenth Century History 12.3 (2011): 265–287.
280. ^ Robert M. Groceman, “Patriot War and the Fenian Raids: Case Studies in Border Security on the US Canada Border in the Nineteenth Century” (US Army Command and General Staff College Fort Leavenworth United States, 2017) online Archived November 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine.
281. ^ Kurlansky, Mark (1998). Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. Penguin. p. 117. ISBN 9781440672873. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
282. ^ Munro, John A. (1965). “English-Canadianism and the Demand for Canadian Autonomy: Ontario’s Response to the Alaska Boundary Decision, 1903”. Ontario History. 57 (4): 189–203.
283. ^ David G. Haglund, and Tudor Onea. “Victory without Triumph: Theodore Roosevelt, Honour, and the Alaska Panhandle Boundary Dispute”. Diplomacy and Statecraft 19.1 (2008): 20-41.
284. ^ Tucker, Spencer (2011). World War II at Sea: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 142. ISBN 9781598844573.
285. ^ Baker, W. M. (1970). “A Case Study of Anti-Americanism in English-Speaking Canada: The Election Campaign of 1911”. Canadian Historical Review. 51 (4): 426–449. doi:10.3138/chr-051-04-04. S2CID 161614104.
286. ^ Clements, Kendrick A. (1973). “Manifest Destiny and Canadian Reciprocity in 1911”. Pacific Historical Review. 42 (1): 32–52. doi:10.2307/3637741. JSTOR 3637741.
287. ^ Ellis, Lewis E. (1968). Reciprocity, 1911: a study in Canadian–American relations. Greenwood.
288. ^ Paolo E. Coletta, The Presidency of William Howard Taft (1973) pp. 141–152.
289. ^ Hugh Ll. Keenleyside, Canada and the United States (1929) p 373. online
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291. ^ Richard N. Kottman, “Herbert Hoover and the Smoot-Hawley Tariff: Canada, A Case Study”, Journal of American History, Vol. 62, No. 3 (December 1975), pp. 609–635 in JSTOR
292. ^ McDonald, Judith; et al. (1997). “Trade Wars: Canada’s Reaction to the Smoot–Hawley Tariff”, (1997)”. Journal of Economic History. 57 (4): 802–826. doi:10.1017/S0022050700019549. JSTOR 2951161. S2CID 154380335.
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410. ^ From a speech by Trudeau to the National Press Club in Washington, DC, on March 25, 1969
411. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 51
412. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 195
413. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 71
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422. ^ “In U.S., Canada Places First in Image Contest; Iran Last”. Gallup.com. February 19, 2010. Retrieved February 26, 2011. published in 2010.
423. ^ Americans Give Record-High Ratings to Several U.S. Allies Gallup
424. ^ See Jacob Poushter and Bruce Drake, “Americans’ views of Mexico, Canada diverge as Obama attends ‘Three Amigos’ summit” Pew research Center February 19, 2014
425. ^ “US Image Report” (PDF). June 26, 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2017.
426. ^ “World’s Approval of U.S. Leadership Drops to New Low”. Gallup. January 18, 2018. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
427. ^ Jump up to:^a b “America’s Image Abroad Rebounds with Transition from Trump to Biden”. June 10, 2021.
428. ^ David Stephen Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812 (2004) p. 194
429. ^ J. L. Granatstein, Yankee Go Home: Canadians and Anti-Americanism (1997)
430. ^ Damien-Claude Bélanger, Prejudice and Pride: Canadian Intellectuals Confront the United States, 1891–1945 (University of Toronto Press, 2011), pp 16, 180
431. ^ Richard Collins, Culture, Communication, and National Identity: The Case of Canadian Television (U. of Toronto Press, 1990) p. 25
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435. ^ Glazov, Jamie (2002). Canadian Policy Toward Khrushchev’s Soviet Union. McGill-Queens. p. 138. ISBN 9780773522763. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
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442. ^ Wike, Richard; Poushter, Jacob; Zainulbhai, Hani (June 29, 2016). “2. Obama’s international image remains strong in Europe and Asia”. Pewglobal.org.
443. ^ “Who do Canadians want to vote for? Barack Obama”. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
444. ^ “Canadians rooting for Hillary Clinton to become president: poll”. Global News. November 6, 2016.
445. ^ “Majority of Canadians don’t trust Trump: Poll”. Toronto Sun. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
446. ^ “Nearly 8 in 10 Canadians prefer Dems over Trump; Sanders, Biden most popular: poll”. CTV News. July 21, 2019.
447. ^ Canada, Global Affairs (April 29, 2021). “Embassy of Canada to the United States, in Washington, D.C.” GAC.
448. ^ “Embassy of the United States in Ottawa”.
449. References
450. [edit]
451. ^
     • Mckenna, Peter (1999). “Canada, the United States, and the Organization of American States”. American Review of Canadian Studies. 29 (3): 473–493. doi:10.1080/02722019909481638. ISSN 0272-2011. this important and complex relationship,
     • “Reconcilable Differences: A History of Canada-US Relations”. Oxford University Press. Reconcilable Differences provides students with a contemporary look at the often complex relationship between Canada and the United States from 1763 to today, using the most recent scholarship available.
     • “Canada and the United States”. The Canadian Encyclopedia. June 11, 2020. “The Americans are our best friends whether we like it or not.” This statement, uttered in the House of Commons by Robert Thompson, the leader of the Social Credit Party early in the 1960s, perhaps best captures the essence of Canada’s complex relationship with its nearest neighbor.
     • Shull, Aaron; Tandt, Michael Den (December 13, 2021). “Is US President Joe Biden Good or Bad for Canada?”. Centre for International Governance Innovation. Canadians have a complex relationship with the United States.
     • “Dispute Resolution in the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement: One Element of a Complex Relationship”. McGill Law Journal. September 18, 2018.
     • Hale, Geoffrey (November 1, 2012). “So Near Yet So Far”. UBC Press. How do politicians, diplomats, and interest groups negotiate the tangled web of Canada–US relations? So Near Yet So Far provides an in-depth look at the multiple dimensions of this complex relationship..
     • “A Canadian Agenda for the USA: Obama and Beyond”. Canadian Global Affairs Institute. August 1, 2018. Complex and Complicated but Mutually-Beneficial Relationship Ours is a very complex relationship building, as John F. Kennedy remarked, on ties of history, geography, economics, security, and deep people-to-people relationships.
     • “”The U.S. Studies Program at The University of British Columbia will significantly increase our understanding of the United States and its institutions and policies through critical research, teaching, and public outreach, making a tremendous contribution to Canada’s complex relationship with the U.S.””. usstudies. January 16, 2013.
452. ^
     • Canada, Global Affairs (November 24, 2022). “Canada’s Indo-Pacific Strategy”. GAC. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
     • House, The White (February 24, 2021). “Remarks by President Biden and Prime Minister Trudeau of Canada in Joint Press Statements”. The White House. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
453. ^“The Canada–U.S. border: by the numbers”. cbc.ca. CBC/Radio-Canada. December 7, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
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454. ^ Cudmore, James. “Canadian military explored plan to fully integrate forces with U.S. – Politics – CBC News”. Cbc.ca. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
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635. ^ From a speech by Trudeau to the National Press Club in Washington, DC, on March 25, 1969
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637. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 195
638. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 71
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642. ^ “Obama declares love for Canada, banishes Bush era”. Reuters. February 19, 2009.
643. ^ “Remarks by President Biden in Address to the Canadian Parliament”. whitehouse.gov. March 24, 2023.
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648. ^ Americans Give Record-High Ratings to Several U.S. Allies Gallup
649. ^ See Jacob Poushter and Bruce Drake, “Americans’ views of Mexico, Canada diverge as Obama attends ‘Three Amigos’ summit” Pew research Center February 19, 2014
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652. ^ Jump up to:^a b “America’s Image Abroad Rebounds with Transition from Trump to Biden”. June 10, 2021.
653. ^ David Stephen Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812 (2004) p. 194
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667. ^ Wike, Richard; Poushter, Jacob; Zainulbhai, Hani (June 29, 2016). “2. Obama’s international image remains strong in Europe and Asia”. Pewglobal.org.
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669. ^ “Canadians rooting for Hillary Clinton to become president: poll”. Global News. November 6, 2016.
670. ^ “Majority of Canadians don’t trust Trump: Poll”. Toronto Sun. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
671. ^ “Nearly 8 in 10 Canadians prefer Dems over Trump; Sanders, Biden most popular: poll”. CTV News. July 21, 2019.
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674. References
675. [edit]
676. ^
     • Mckenna, Peter (1999). “Canada, the United States, and the Organization of American States”. American Review of Canadian Studies. 29 (3): 473–493. doi:10.1080/02722019909481638. ISSN 0272-2011. this important and complex relationship,
     • “Reconcilable Differences: A History of Canada-US Relations”. Oxford University Press. Reconcilable Differences provides students with a contemporary look at the often complex relationship between Canada and the United States from 1763 to today, using the most recent scholarship available.
     • “Canada and the United States”. The Canadian Encyclopedia. June 11, 2020. “The Americans are our best friends whether we like it or not.” This statement, uttered in the House of Commons by Robert Thompson, the leader of the Social Credit Party early in the 1960s, perhaps best captures the essence of Canada’s complex relationship with its nearest neighbor.
     • Shull, Aaron; Tandt, Michael Den (December 13, 2021). “Is US President Joe Biden Good or Bad for Canada?”. Centre for International Governance Innovation. Canadians have a complex relationship with the United States.
     • “Dispute Resolution in the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement: One Element of a Complex Relationship”. McGill Law Journal. September 18, 2018.
     • Hale, Geoffrey (November 1, 2012). “So Near Yet So Far”. UBC Press. How do politicians, diplomats, and interest groups negotiate the tangled web of Canada–US relations? So Near Yet So Far provides an in-depth look at the multiple dimensions of this complex relationship..
     • “A Canadian Agenda for the USA: Obama and Beyond”. Canadian Global Affairs Institute. August 1, 2018. Complex and Complicated but Mutually-Beneficial Relationship Ours is a very complex relationship building, as John F. Kennedy remarked, on ties of history, geography, economics, security, and deep people-to-people relationships.
     • “”The U.S. Studies Program at The University of British Columbia will significantly increase our understanding of the United States and its institutions and policies through critical research, teaching, and public outreach, making a tremendous contribution to Canada’s complex relationship with the U.S.””. usstudies. January 16, 2013.
677. ^
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678. ^“The Canada–U.S. border: by the numbers”. cbc.ca. CBC/Radio-Canada. December 7, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
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680. ^ Poushter, Jacob (October 6, 2015). “Canadians Satisfied with U.S. Relationship”. Pew Research Center’s Global Attitudes Project. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
681. ^ Brenan, Megan (March 21, 2023). “Canada, Britain Favored Most in U.S.; Russia, N. Korea Least”. Gallup, Inc. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
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685. ^ Jump up to:^a b Doran, Charles F.; Sewell, James Patrick (1988). “Anti-Americanism in Canada?”. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 497. [Sage Publications, Inc., American Academy of Political and Social Science]: 105–119. doi:10.1177/0002716288497001009. ISSN 0002-7162. JSTOR 1045764.
686. ^ Jump up to:^a b Kim Richard Nossal (2007). “Anti-Americanism in Canada,” in Brendon O’Connor, ed., Anti-Americanism: History, Causes, and Themes” (PDF). Oxford/Westport: Greenwood World Publishing}. pp. 59, 76.
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704. ^ Stagg 2012, pp. 5–6.
705. ^ George F. G. Stanley, 1983, p. 32 ^{[full citation needed]}
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707. ^ Tucker 2011, p. 236.
708. ^ Nugent 2008, p. 73, 75.
709. ^ Mark Zuehlke, For Honour’s Sake: The War of 1812 and the Brokering of an Uneasy Peace (2007) is a Canadian perspective.
710. ^ W.L. Morton, The Kingdom of Canada (1969) ch 12
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718. ^ Adam Mayers, Dixie & the Dominion: Canada, the Confederacy, and the War for the Union (2003)
719. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Alabama Claims, 1862–1872”. GlobalSecurity.org.
720. ^ Mayers, Dixie & the Dominion pp 105–116.
721. ^ Congressional series of United States public documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1870. p. 71.
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737. ^ Ellis, Lewis E. (1968). Reciprocity, 1911: a study in Canadian–American relations. Greenwood.
738. ^ Paolo E. Coletta, The Presidency of William Howard Taft (1973) pp. 141–152.
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745. ^ Arnold A. Offner, American Appeasement: United States Foreign Policy and Germany, 1933–1938 (1969) p. 256
746. ^ Galen Roger Perras, Franklin Roosevelt and the Origins of the Canadian-American Security Alliance, 1933–1945 (1998)
747. ^ Richard Jensen, “Nationalism and Civic Duty in Wartime: Comparing World Wars in Canada and America”, Canadian Issues / Thèmes Canadiens, December 2004, pp 6–10
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749. ^ Galen Roger Perras, “Who Will Defend British Columbia? Unity of Command on the West Coast, 1934–1942”, Pacific Northwest Quarterly, Spring 1997, Vol. 88 Issue 2, pp 59–69
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751. ^ C. P. Stacey, Canada and the Age of Conflict: A History of Canadian External Policies. Volume 2, 1921–1948: The Mackenzie King Era (1982) pp 420–424.
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753. ^ Don Munton and John Kirton, eds. Cases and Readings in Canadian Foreign Policy Since World War II (1992) pp 2–18.
754. ^ Stewart, Luke (2018). “‘Hell, they’re your problem, not ours’: Draft Dodgers, Military Deserters and Canada–United States Relations in the Vietnam War Era”. Études Canadiennes / Canadian Studies (85). Open Edition: 67–96. doi:10.4000/eccs.1479. S2CID 181777562.
755. ^ Bruce Muirhead, “From Special Relationship to Third Option: Canada, the U.S., and the Nixon Shock”, American Review of Canadian Studies, Vol. 34, 2004 online edition Archived March 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
756. ^ Lily Gardner Feldman, “Canada and the United States in the 1970s: Rift and Reconciliation”. The World Today 34.12 (1978): 484–492. online
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758. ^ Wilson, Michael. “NAFTA’s Unfinished Business: The View from Canada”. Foreign Affairs 93 (2014): 128. online
759. ^ Marcus Lee Hansen, The Mingling of the Canadian and American Peoples. Vol. 1: Historical (1940)
760. ^ John Brebner, The Neutral Yankees of Nova Scotia: A Marginal Colony During the Revolutionary Years (1937)
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764. ^ John J. Bukowczyk et al. Permeable Border: The Great Lakes Region as Transnational Region, 1650–1990 (University of Pittsburgh Press. 2005)
765. ^ J. Castell Hopkins, The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs: 1902 (1903), p. 327.
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783. ^ “United States–Canada Regulatory Cooperation Council (RCC) Joint Action Plan: Developing and implementing the Joint Action Plan”. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Prime Minister of Canada. December 7, 2011. Archived from the original on July 29, 2013.
784. ^ “Notice: Regulatory Cooperation Council (RCC) Over-the-Counter (OTC) Products: Common Monograph Working Group: Selection of a Monograph for Alignment”. Canada’s Action Plan. Government of Canada. January 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 8, 2014. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
785. ^ “Canada–U.S. border agreement a good thing”. The Globe and Mail. Toronto. September 6, 2012.
786. ^ Jordan, Roger (November 20, 2015). “Trudeau promises Obama an enhanced Canada–US partnership”. World Socialist Web Site. International Committee of the Fourth International. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
787. ^ Harris, Kathleen (November 6, 2015). “Justin Trudeau ‘disappointed’ with U.S. rejection of Keystone XL”. CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
788. ^ Hall, Chris (November 20, 2015). “Trudeau warmly embraced by Obama, but don’t expect concessions from U.S.” CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
789. ^ Cullen, Catherine (November 17, 2015). “Justin Trudeau says Canada to increase the number of training troops in Iraq”. CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
790. ^ “Barack Obama and Justin Trudeau set a date for the first meeting in Washington”. Toronto Star. The Canadian Press. December 28, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
791. ^ “Obama welcomes Trudeau to White House, ‘About time, eh?'”. thestar.com. March 10, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
792. ^ “Obama on growing friendship with Trudeau – ‘What’s not to like?'”. SWI swissinfo.ch. Archived from the original on March 18, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
793. ^ Harris, Kathleen (November 10, 2016). “Justin Trudeau invites Donald Trump to visit Canada during the call that marks ‘strong beginning'”. CBC News. Retrieved November 11, 2016.
794. ^ “It’s Trudeau’s move after Trump goes from tough talk to action with lumber duties: Chris Hall”. CBC News. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
795. ^ “Prime Minister Justin Trudeau speaks with United States President Donald Trump”. Prime Minister of Canada. April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
796. ^ “Trump Signs Trade Deal With Canada and Mexico”. The New York Times. January 29, 2020.
797. ^ Long, Heather. “The USMCA is finally done. Here’s what is in it”. Washington Post.
798. ^ Lea, Brittany De (November 30, 2018). “NAFTA 2.0: What to know”. FOXBusiness.
799. ^ Montes, Juan (February 13, 2019). “Strikes at Low-Wage Plants Signal Revival of Labor Demands in Mexico”. Wall Street Journal – via www.wsj.com.
800. ^ Swanson, Ana; Tankersley, Jim (January 29, 2020). “Trump Just Signed the U.S.M.C.A. Here’s What’s in the New NAFTA”. The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
801. ^ “Under USMCA, Canada rolls with ‘new NAFTA'”. FreightWaves. July 1, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
802. ^ “‘Very dishonest & weak’: Trump lashes out at Trudeau following G7 summit”. thejournal.ie. Associated Press. June 10, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
803. ^ Watkins, Eli (June 10, 2018). “Trump’s top economic aide on Trudeau: ‘It was a betrayal'”. CNN. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
804. ^ Dangerfield, Katie. “Donald Trump slams Trudeau (again), says PM will cost Canadians a lot of money”. Global News. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
805. ^ “The US is picking a fight with Canada over a thawing Arctic shipping route”. Quartz. June 27, 2019.
806. ^ “Readout of President Joe Biden Call with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada”. The White House. January 22, 2021.
807. ^ “Remarks by President Biden and Prime Minister Trudeau of Canada Before Virtual Bilateral Meeting”. The White House. February 23, 2021.
808. ^ Vaillancourt, William (November 29, 2024). “Donald Trump Dines With Justin Trudeau at Mar-a-Lago After Tariff Threat”. The Daily Beast. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
809. ^ “Trump’s apparent joke about Canada becoming 51st state draws range of reaction in B.C.” British Columbia. December 3, 2024. Retrieved December 10, 2024.
810. ^ “Trudeau says Americans are realizing Trump’s tariffs on Canada would make life a lot more expensive”. ABC News. December 10, 2024.
811. ^ Jump up to:^a b Massie, Justin (April 30, 2019). “Why Canada Goes to War: Explaining Combat Participation in US-led Coalitions”. Canadian Journal of Political Science. 52 (3). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 575–594. doi:10.1017/s0008423919000040. ISSN 0008-4239.
812. ^ Mingst, K.; Karns, M.P. (2019). The United Nations In The Post-cold War Era, Second Edition. Taylor & Francis. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-000-30674-3.
813. ^ Background note on Canada, U.S. State Department
814. ^ Lennox, Patrick (2009). At Home and Abroad: Canada–US Relationship and Canada’s Place in the World. UBC Press. p. 107. ISBN 9780774859073. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
815. ^ Canadian Peace Research Institute (2006). Peace Research. Canadian Peace Research and Education Association. Retrieved November 6, 2015. vol 38 page 8
816. ^ Webcast Panel Discussion Archived July 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine “Ties That Bind” at the Pritzker Military Library on August 17, 2012
817. ^ Romero, Dennis; Alba, Monica (February 12, 2023). “U.S. shoots down the unidentified object in Canadian airspace”. nbcnews.
818. ^ See Congressional Research Service. Canada–U.S. Relations (Congressional Research Service, 2021) 2021 Report, by an agency of the U.S. Congress; Updated February 10, 2021.
819. ^ “Canada and the Arctic: The Issue of Northern Sovereignty | Wilson Center”. www.wilsoncenter.org. Retrieved September 7, 2023.
820. ^ Pharand, Donat (1989). “Canada’s Sovereignty Over the Northwest Passage”. Michigan Journal of International Law. 10 (2).
821. ^ says, Teknoloji Alemi (April 8, 2020). “The U.S. – Canada Northwest Passage Dispute”. Brown Political Review. Retrieved September 7, 2023.
822. ^ Herrmann, Thomas (June 27, 2019). “Shipping Through the Northwest Passage: A Policy Brief”. University of Washington. Retrieved September 7, 2023.
823. ^ Rothwell, Donald R. (1993). “The Canadian-U.S. Northwest Passage Dispute: A Reassessment”. Cornell International Law Journal. 26 (2).
824. ^ Charron, Andrea (2005). “The Northwest Passage: Is Canada’s Sovereignty Floating Away?”. International Journal. 60 (3): 831–848. doi:10.2307/40204066. ISSN 0020-7020. JSTOR 40204066.
825. ^ “A Classic Case of Deception — Central Intelligence Agency”. www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on February 19, 2013. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
826. ^ Gervais, Marty (March 28, 1981). “Iran Rescue: Our Bashful Heroes”. Windsor Star. p. C8. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
827. ^ “U.S. ‘friendly fire’ pilot won’t face court martial”. CBC News. July 6, 2004. Retrieved January 28, 2004.
828. ^ “Pilots blamed for ‘friendly fire’ deaths”. BBC News. August 22, 2002. Retrieved January 28, 2007.
829. ^ “CANADIAN NAVY TEAMS UP WITH U.S. CARRIER BATTLE GROUPS”. Department of National Defence. September 25, 2006. Archived from the original on April 5, 2007. Retrieved January 28, 2007.
830. ^ Cox, Wayne S.; Charbonneau, Bruno (2010). Locating Global Order: American Power and Canadian Security After 9/11. UBC Press. p. 119. ISBN 9780774859660. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
831. ^ Harper, Tim (March 22, 2003). “Canadians back Chrétien on war, poll finds”. Toronto Star. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
832. ^ Spector, Norman (November 20, 2006). “Clinton speaks on Afghanistan, and Canada listens”. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved January 28, 2007.
833. ^ “Ministers Dion and Sajjan meet U.S. special envoy for Global Coalition to Counter ISIL”. Global Affairs Canada. October 6, 2016. Archived from the original on October 10, 2016. Retrieved October 10, 2016.
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835. ^ Canada, Health (January 23, 2020). “Cannabis laws and regulations”. aem. Retrieved March 13, 2021.
836. ^ “ETA Canada Visa Application – Apply for Canadian E-Visa Online”.
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839. ^ “Clean Air Markets”. August 12, 2014. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
840. ^ “Environment and Climate Change Canada – Air – Canada- United States Air Quality Agreement”. January 25, 2005. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
841. ^ “Exclusive Interview: Brian Mulroney remembers his friend Ronald Reagan”. News.nationalpost.com. February 4, 2011.
842. ^ Freed, Kenneth; Gerstenzang, James (April 6, 1987). “Mulroney Asks Reagan for Treaty on Acid Rain”. Los Angeles Times.
843. ^ Cassedy, Edward S.; Grossman, Peter Z. (1998). Introduction to Energy: Resources, Technology, and Society. Cambridge U.P. p. 157. ISBN 9780521637671. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
844. ^ “COMMISSION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION”. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
845. ^ “Canada’s environment policy to follow the U.S.: Minister”. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
846. ^ “Resources – Climate Prosperity”. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
847. ^ Montgomery, Marc (October 1, 2015). “Canada has water, the U.S wants it”. RCI English. Radio Canada International. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
848. ^ Michael Rheta Martin (1978). Dictionary of American History: With the Complete Text of the Constitution of the United States. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 227. ISBN 9780822601241. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
849. ^ Murphy, Orville T. (1965). “The Comte De Vergennes, The Newfoundland Fisheries And The Peace Negotiation Of 1783: A Reconsideration”. Canadian Historical Review. 46 (1): 32–46. doi:10.3138/chr-046-01-02. S2CID 143808239.
850. ^ Golladay, V. Dennis (1973). “The United States and British North American Fisheries, 1815–1818”. American Neptune. 33 (4): 246–257.
851. ^ Alvin, C. Gluek Jr (1976). “Programmed Diplomacy: The Settlement of the North Atlantic Fisheries Question, 1907–12”. Acadiensis. 6 (1): 43–70.
852. ^ Kurkpatrick Dorsey (2009). The Dawn of Conservation Diplomacy: U.S.-Canadian wildlife protection treaties in the progressive era. University of Washington Press. p. 19ff. ISBN 9780295989792. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
853. ^ Matthew Carnaghan, Allison Goody, “Canadian Arctic Sovereignty” Archived March 4, 2012, at the Wayback Machine (Library of Parliament: Political and Social Affairs Division, January 26, 2006); 2006 news
854. ^ “Cellucci: Canada should control Northwest Passage”. CTV.ca. Archived from the original on February 22, 2011. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
855. ^ Histor!ca “Election of 1891: A Question of Loyalty” Archived April 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, James Marsh.
856. ^ Donald Creighton, John A. Macdonald: The Old Chieftain (1955) p. 497
857. ^ Council on Foreign Relations, Documents on American foreign relations (1957) Volume 9 p 558
858. ^ John F. Kennedy. Address Before the Canadian Parliament in Ottawa. The American Presidency Project.
859. ^ “The Embassy of the U.S.A., Ottawa – United States – Canada Relations”. Canada.usembassy.gov. Archived from the original on March 23, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
860. ^ From a speech by Trudeau to the National Press Club in Washington, DC, on March 25, 1969
861. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 51
862. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 195
863. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 71
864. ^ “The Rhetoric of 9/11: President George W. Bush – Address to Joint Session of Congress and the American People (9-20-01)”. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
865. ^ Frum, David (September 9, 2011). “David Frum: Why Bush didn’t mention Canada in his 9/20 speech”. National Post. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
866. ^ “Statement by Prime Minister Stephen Harper”. Office of the Prime Minister of Canada. January 20, 2009. Archived from the original on January 13, 2010. Retrieved January 21, 2009.
867. ^ “Obama declares love for Canada, banishes Bush era”. Reuters. February 19, 2009.
868. ^ “Remarks by President Biden in Address to the Canadian Parliament”. whitehouse.gov. March 24, 2023.
869. ^ Waugh, Basil (July 7, 2011). “Canadians and Americans are more similar than assumed”. News.ubc.ca. Archived from the original on September 1, 2020. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
870. ^ “Canadians and Americans think a lot alike”. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
871. ^ “United North America”. Unitednorthamerica.org. Archived from the original on July 25, 2016. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
872. ^ “In U.S., Canada Places First in Image Contest; Iran Last”. Gallup.com. February 19, 2010. Retrieved February 26, 2011. published in 2010.
873. ^ Americans Give Record-High Ratings to Several U.S. Allies Gallup
874. ^ See Jacob Poushter and Bruce Drake, “Americans’ views of Mexico, Canada diverge as Obama attends ‘Three Amigos’ summit” Pew research Center February 19, 2014
875. ^ “US Image Report” (PDF). June 26, 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2017.
876. ^ “World’s Approval of U.S. Leadership Drops to New Low”. Gallup. January 18, 2018. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
877. ^ Jump up to:^a b “America’s Image Abroad Rebounds with Transition from Trump to Biden”. June 10, 2021.
878. ^ David Stephen Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812 (2004) p. 194
879. ^ J. L. Granatstein, Yankee Go Home: Canadians and Anti-Americanism (1997)
880. ^ Damien-Claude Bélanger, Prejudice and Pride: Canadian Intellectuals Confront the United States, 1891–1945 (University of Toronto Press, 2011), pp 16, 180
881. ^ Richard Collins, Culture, Communication, and National Identity: The Case of Canadian Television (U. of Toronto Press, 1990) p. 25
882. ^ David Meren, “‘Plus que jamais nécessaires’: Cultural Relations, Nationalism and the State in Canada–Quebec–France Triangle, 1945–1960”, Journal of the Canadian Historical Association, 2009, Vol. 19 Issue 1, pp 279–305,
883. ^ Jump up to:^a b Paula Ruth Gilbert, Violence and the Female Imagination: Quebec’s Women Writers (2006) p. 114
884. ^ Groseclose, Barbara S.; Wierich, Jochen (2009). Internationalizing the History of American Art: Views. Penn State Press. p. 105. ISBN 978-0271032009. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
885. ^ Glazov, Jamie (2002). Canadian Policy Toward Khrushchev’s Soviet Union. McGill-Queens. p. 138. ISBN 9780773522763. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
886. ^ Bumsted, J. M. (1999). Magocsi, Paul (ed.). Encyclopedia of Canada’s Peoples. University of Toronto Press. p. 197. ISBN 9780802029386. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
887. ^ Wennersten, John R. (2008). Leaving America: The New Expatriate Generation. Greenwood. p. 44. ISBN 9780313345067. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
888. ^ O’Connor, Brendon (2007). Anti-Americanism: Comparative perspectives. Greenwood. p. 60. ISBN 9781846450266. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
889. ^ Lipset, Seymour Martin (1990). Continental Divide: The Values and Institutions of the United States and Canada. Routledge. ISBN 9780415903097. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
890. ^ La Bossière, Camille R. (1994). Context North America: Canadian/U.S. Literary Relations. U. of Ottawa Press. p. 11. ISBN 9780776603605. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
891. ^ “Poll: Deep anti-Bush sentiment in Canada”. Arizona Daily Sun. October 20, 2004. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
892. ^ Wike, Richard; Poushter, Jacob; Zainulbhai, Hani (June 29, 2016). “2. Obama’s international image remains strong in Europe and Asia”. Pewglobal.org.
893. ^ “Who do Canadians want to vote for? Barack Obama”. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
894. ^ “Canadians rooting for Hillary Clinton to become president: poll”. Global News. November 6, 2016.
895. ^ “Majority of Canadians don’t trust Trump: Poll”. Toronto Sun. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
896. ^ “Nearly 8 in 10 Canadians prefer Dems over Trump; Sanders, Biden most popular: poll”. CTV News. July 21, 2019.
897. ^ Canada, Global Affairs (April 29, 2021). “Embassy of Canada to the United States, in Washington, D.C.” GAC.
898. ^ “Embassy of the United States in Ottawa”.
899. References
900. [edit]
901. ^
     • Mckenna, Peter (1999). “Canada, the United States, and the Organization of American States”. American Review of Canadian Studies. 29 (3): 473–493. doi:10.1080/02722019909481638. ISSN 0272-2011. this important and complex relationship,
     • “Reconcilable Differences: A History of Canada-US Relations”. Oxford University Press. Reconcilable Differences provides students with a contemporary look at the often complex relationship between Canada and the United States from 1763 to today, using the most recent scholarship available.
     • “Canada and the United States”. The Canadian Encyclopedia. June 11, 2020. “The Americans are our best friends whether we like it or not.” This statement, uttered in the House of Commons by Robert Thompson, the leader of the Social Credit Party early in the 1960s, perhaps best captures the essence of Canada’s complex relationship with its nearest neighbor.
     • Shull, Aaron; Tandt, Michael Den (December 13, 2021). “Is US President Joe Biden Good or Bad for Canada?”. Centre for International Governance Innovation. Canadians have a complex relationship with the United States.
     • “Dispute Resolution in the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement: One Element of a Complex Relationship”. McGill Law Journal. September 18, 2018.
     • Hale, Geoffrey (November 1, 2012). “So Near Yet So Far”. UBC Press. How do politicians, diplomats, and interest groups negotiate the tangled web of Canada–US relations? So Near Yet So Far provides an in-depth look at the multiple dimensions of this complex relationship..
     • “A Canadian Agenda for the USA: Obama and Beyond”. Canadian Global Affairs Institute. August 1, 2018. Complex and Complicated but Mutually-Beneficial Relationship Ours is a very complex relationship building, as John F. Kennedy remarked, on ties of history, geography, economics, security, and deep people-to-people relationships.
     • “”The U.S. Studies Program at The University of British Columbia will significantly increase our understanding of the United States and its institutions and policies through critical research, teaching, and public outreach, making a tremendous contribution to Canada’s complex relationship with the U.S.””. usstudies. January 16, 2013.
902. ^
     • Canada, Global Affairs (November 24, 2022). “Canada’s Indo-Pacific Strategy”. GAC. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
     • House, The White (February 24, 2021). “Remarks by President Biden and Prime Minister Trudeau of Canada in Joint Press Statements”. The White House. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
903. ^“The Canada–U.S. border: by the numbers”. cbc.ca. CBC/Radio-Canada. December 7, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
     • “The world’s longest border”. Archived from the original on July 4, 2015. Retrieved April 1, 2008.
904. ^ Cudmore, James. “Canadian military explored plan to fully integrate forces with U.S. – Politics – CBC News”. Cbc.ca. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
905. ^ Poushter, Jacob (October 6, 2015). “Canadians Satisfied with U.S. Relationship”. Pew Research Center’s Global Attitudes Project. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
906. ^ Brenan, Megan (March 21, 2023). “Canada, Britain Favored Most in U.S.; Russia, N. Korea Least”. Gallup, Inc. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
907. ^ Gutiérrez-Haces, Maria Teresa (November 6, 2018). Identity and Otherness in Canadian Foreign Policy. Collection internationale d’Études canadiennes | International Canadian Studies Series. University of Ottawa Press. pp. 231–250. ISBN 978-0-7766-2722-9.
908. ^ Carroll, Michael K (2016). “Peacekeeping: Canada’s past, but not its present and future?”. International Journal. 71 (1). [Sage Publications, Ltd., Canadian International Council]: 167–176. doi:10.1177/0020702015619857. ISSN 0020-7020. JSTOR 44631172. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
909. ^ “Canada’s Current Role in World” (PDF). Environics Institute for Survey Research.
910. ^ Jump up to:^a b Doran, Charles F.; Sewell, James Patrick (1988). “Anti-Americanism in Canada?”. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 497. [Sage Publications, Inc., American Academy of Political and Social Science]: 105–119. doi:10.1177/0002716288497001009. ISSN 0002-7162. JSTOR 1045764.
911. ^ Jump up to:^a b Kim Richard Nossal (2007). “Anti-Americanism in Canada,” in Brendon O’Connor, ed., Anti-Americanism: History, Causes, and Themes” (PDF). Oxford/Westport: Greenwood World Publishing}. pp. 59, 76.
912. ^ “War of 1812”. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
913. ^ John Herd Thompson, Canada and the United States: ambivalent allies (2008).
914. ^ Hills, Carla A. “NAFTA’s Economic Upsides: The View from the United States.” Foreign Affairs 93 (2014): 122.
915. ^ Michael Wilson, “NAFTA’s Unfinished Business: The View from Canada”. Foreign Affairs (2014) 93#1 pp. 128+.
916. ^ “Harper, Obama to begin security talks | CTV News”. Ctvnews.ca. February 3, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
917. ^ Thomas Morgan, William (1926). “The Five Nations and Queen Anne”. Mississippi Valley Historical Review. 13 (2): 169–189. doi:10.2307/1891955. JSTOR 1891955.
918. ^ June Namias, White Captives: Gender and Ethnicity on the American Frontier (1993)
919. ^ Howard H. Peckham, The Colonial Wars (1965)
920. ^ Chard, Donald F. (1975). “The Impact of French Privateering on New England, 1689–1713”. American Neptune. 35 (3): 153–165.
921. ^ Shortt, S. E. D. (1972). “Conflict and Identity in Massachusetts: The Louisbourg Expedition of 1745”. Social History/Histoire Sociale. 5 (10): 165–185.
922. ^ Johnston, A. J. B. (2008). “D-Day at Louisbourg”. Beaver. 88 (3): 16–23.
923. ^ Mason Wade, The French Canadians, 1760–1945 (1955) p. 74.
924. ^ George W. Geib (1987). “The Old Northwest Under British Control, 1763–1783” and “Indiana A Part of the Old Northwest, 1783–1800”. Butler University. pp. 42–44.
925. ^ Thomas B. Allen, Tories: Fighting for the King in America’s First Civil War (2011) p. xviii
926. ^ Bradford Perkins, The First Rapprochement: England and the United States, 1795–1805 (1955)
927. ^ Rawlyk, George A. (1994). The Canada Fire: Radical Evangelicalism in British North America, 1775–1812. McGill-Queen’s Press. p. 122. ISBN 9780773512214. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
928. ^ Alan Taylor, The Civil War of 1812: American Citizens, British Subjects, Irish Rebels, & Indian Allies (2010).
929. ^ Stagg 2012, pp. 5–6.
930. ^ George F. G. Stanley, 1983, p. 32 ^{[full citation needed]}
931. ^ David Heidler, Jeanne T. Heidler, The War of 1812, pg4 ^{[full citation needed]}
932. ^ Tucker 2011, p. 236.
933. ^ Nugent 2008, p. 73, 75.
934. ^ Mark Zuehlke, For Honour’s Sake: The War of 1812 and the Brokering of an Uneasy Peace (2007) is a Canadian perspective.
935. ^ W.L. Morton, The Kingdom of Canada (1969) ch 12
936. ^ Cleves, Rachel Hope; Eustace, Nicole; Gilje, Paul; Hale, Matthew Rainbow; Morgan, Cecilia; Opal, Jason M.; Peskin, Lawrence A.; Taylor, Alan (2012). “Interchange: The War of 1812”. The Journal of American History. 99 (2). [Oxford University Press, Organization of American Historians]: 520–555. doi:10.1093/jahist/jas236. ISSN 0021-8723. JSTOR 44306807. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
937. ^ Wood, James A. (2010). Militia Myths (PDF). Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-7748-1765-3. OCLC 473375581.
938. ^ Dunning, Tom (2009). “The Canadian Rebellions of 1837 and 1838 as a Borderland War: A Retrospective”. Ontario History. 101 (2): 129–141. doi:10.7202/1065615ar.
939. ^ Orrin Edward Tiffany, The Relations of the United States to the Canadian Rebellion of 1837–1838 (1905). excerpt and text search
940. ^ Cross, L.D. (2010). The Underground Railroad: The long journey to freedom in Canada. Amazing Stories. James Lorimer Limited, Publishers. p. intro. ISBN 978-1-55277-581-3.
941. ^ “Underground Railroad”. CBC. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
942. ^ Robin W. Winks, “The Creation of a Myth: ‘Canadian’ Enlistments in the Northern Armies during the American Civil War”, Canadian Historical Review, 1958 39(1): 24–40.
943. ^ Adam Mayers, Dixie & the Dominion: Canada, the Confederacy, and the War for the Union (2003)
944. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Alabama Claims, 1862–1872”. GlobalSecurity.org.
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1080. ^ Histor!ca “Election of 1891: A Question of Loyalty” Archived April 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, James Marsh.
1081. ^ Donald Creighton, John A. Macdonald: The Old Chieftain (1955) p. 497
1082. ^ Council on Foreign Relations, Documents on American foreign relations (1957) Volume 9 p 558
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1085. ^ From a speech by Trudeau to the National Press Club in Washington, DC, on March 25, 1969
1086. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 51
1087. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 195
1088. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 71
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1098. ^ Americans Give Record-High Ratings to Several U.S. Allies Gallup
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1103. ^ David Stephen Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812 (2004) p. 194
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1124. References
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1126. ^
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      • “Reconcilable Differences: A History of Canada-US Relations”. Oxford University Press. Reconcilable Differences provides students with a contemporary look at the often complex relationship between Canada and the United States from 1763 to today, using the most recent scholarship available.
      • “Canada and the United States”. The Canadian Encyclopedia. June 11, 2020. “The Americans are our best friends whether we like it or not.” This statement, uttered in the House of Commons by Robert Thompson, the leader of the Social Credit Party early in the 1960s, perhaps best captures the essence of Canada’s complex relationship with its nearest neighbor.
      • Shull, Aaron; Tandt, Michael Den (December 13, 2021). “Is US President Joe Biden Good or Bad for Canada?”. Centre for International Governance Innovation. Canadians have a complex relationship with the United States.
      • “Dispute Resolution in the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement: One Element of a Complex Relationship”. McGill Law Journal. September 18, 2018.
      • Hale, Geoffrey (November 1, 2012). “So Near Yet So Far”. UBC Press. How do politicians, diplomats, and interest groups negotiate the tangled web of Canada–US relations? So Near Yet So Far provides an in-depth look at the multiple dimensions of this complex relationship..
      • “A Canadian Agenda for the USA: Obama and Beyond”. Canadian Global Affairs Institute. August 1, 2018. Complex and Complicated but Mutually-Beneficial Relationship Ours is a very complex relationship building, as John F. Kennedy remarked, on ties of history, geography, economics, security, and deep people-to-people relationships.
      • “”The U.S. Studies Program at The University of British Columbia will significantly increase our understanding of the United States and its institutions and policies through critical research, teaching, and public outreach, making a tremendous contribution to Canada’s complex relationship with the U.S.””. usstudies. January 16, 2013.
1127. ^
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1133. ^ Carroll, Michael K (2016). “Peacekeeping: Canada’s past, but not its present and future?”. International Journal. 71 (1). [Sage Publications, Ltd., Canadian International Council]: 167–176. doi:10.1177/0020702015619857. ISSN 0020-7020. JSTOR 44631172. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
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1135. ^ Jump up to:^a b Doran, Charles F.; Sewell, James Patrick (1988). “Anti-Americanism in Canada?”. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 497. [Sage Publications, Inc., American Academy of Political and Social Science]: 105–119. doi:10.1177/0002716288497001009. ISSN 0002-7162. JSTOR 1045764.
1136. ^ Jump up to:^a b Kim Richard Nossal (2007). “Anti-Americanism in Canada,” in Brendon O’Connor, ed., Anti-Americanism: History, Causes, and Themes” (PDF). Oxford/Westport: Greenwood World Publishing}. pp. 59, 76.
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1159. ^ Mark Zuehlke, For Honour’s Sake: The War of 1812 and the Brokering of an Uneasy Peace (2007) is a Canadian perspective.
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1169. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Alabama Claims, 1862–1872”. GlobalSecurity.org.
1170. ^ Mayers, Dixie & the Dominion pp 105–116.
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1310. ^ From a speech by Trudeau to the National Press Club in Washington, DC, on March 25, 1969
1311. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 51
1312. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 195
1313. ^ J. L. Granatstein and Robert Bothwell, Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy (1991) p. 71
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1318. ^ “Remarks by President Biden in Address to the Canadian Parliament”. whitehouse.gov. March 24, 2023.
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1323. ^ Americans Give Record-High Ratings to Several U.S. Allies Gallup
1324. ^ See Jacob Poushter and Bruce Drake, “Americans’ views of Mexico, Canada diverge as Obama attends ‘Three Amigos’ summit” Pew research Center February 19, 2014
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1327. ^ Jump up to:^a b “America’s Image Abroad Rebounds with Transition from Trump to Biden”. June 10, 2021.
1328. ^ David Stephen Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812 (2004) p. 194
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1333. ^ Jump up to:^a b Paula Ruth Gilbert, Violence and the Female Imagination: Quebec’s Women Writers (2006) p. 114
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